Substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives and intermediates for their preparation

ABSTRACT

Substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives I                    
     (R 1  and R 2  are each H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyl or C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or heterocyclyl and, if R 1  is H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, R 2  is additionally OH, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 -alkenyloxy, C 3 -C 6 -alkynyloxy, C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkoxy, C 5 -C 7 -cycloalkenyloxy, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 6 -haloalkenyloxy, C 3 -C 7 -cycloalkyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-carbonyloxy, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkoxy, hydroxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -alkylamino-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -dialkylamino-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, phenyl-C 3 -C 6 -alkenyloxy or phenyl-C 3 -C 7 -alkynyloxy or unsubstituted or substituted amino, or R 1  and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form an unsubstituted or substituted 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclic structure, 
     R 3  is H or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, 
     R 4  is H or halogen, 
     R 5  is H, halogen, NO 2 , CN or CF 3 , 
     R 6  is an unsubstituted or substituted 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclic group, —A—CN, —A—CO—B, OR 9 , —C(R 10 )═O, —C(R 10 )═S, —C(R 10 )═N—R 16 , —CHR 10 )—CHR 11 —CO—B, —C(X 1 R 14 )(X 2 R 15 )R 10  or —P(R 12 )(R 13 )═O, where the stated radicals have the meanings listed in the description, 
     or R 5  and R 6  together form a 3-membered to 5-membered substituted carbon chain, 
     and the agriculturally useful salts of Ia and Ib and intermediates for their preparation. 
     The compounds Ia and Ib and their intermediates are suitable as herbicides and for the desiccation/defoliation of plants.

This application is a Divisional of Ser. No. 08/798,539, filed Feb. 11, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,817,603.

DESCRIPTION

Substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formulae Ia and Ib

in which the variables have the following meaning:

R¹, R² hydrogen,

a C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl or C₃-C₆-alkynyl group, each of which three groups may furthermore carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of halogen, cyano, amino, thio, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, carboxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylamino, C₁-C₆-dialkylamino, C₁-C₆-alkylaminocarbonyl, C₁-C₆-dialkylaminocarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylphosphono, C₁-C₆-dialkylphosphono, phenyl, 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclyl which may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated, it being possible for the heterocycles to carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from a group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom, and it being possible for the phenyl and heterocyclic radicals in turn to carry one of the following substituents on each substitutable atom: hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxy,

a C₃-C₈-cycloalkyl group, the phenyl group or a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclyl group, each of which may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from a group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, it being possible for the phenyl and heterocyclic groups in turn to carry one of the following radicals on each substitutable carbon atom: hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, halogen or C₁-C₆-alkyl,

and, if R¹ is hydrogen or a C₁-C₆-alkyl group, R² may additionally be hydroxyl,

a C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy or C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy group,

a C₃-C₇-cycloalkoxy or C₅-C₇-cycloalkenyloxy group,

a C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy or C₃-C₆-haloalkenyloxy group,

a C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy group,

a C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy group,

a C₁-C₆-cyanoalkoxy group,

a hydroxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy group,

a C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkoxy group,

a C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-dialkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy group,

a phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy or phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy group, where in each case one or two methylene groups of the alkoxy, alkenyloxy or alkynyloxy chains may be replaced by oxygen, sulfur and/or a C₁-C₆-alkylamino chain, and each phenyl ring may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,

a group —NR⁷R⁸, where R⁷ and R⁸, independently of one another are each hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, or

R⁷ and R⁸ together with the common nitrogen atom may form a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 4-membered to 7-membered ring which may also contain a further nitrogen atom or an oxygen or sulfur atom as a second ring member,

or

R¹ and R², together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, may form a three-membered to eight-membered saturated or unsaturated, nonaromatic heterocyclic structure which may carry from one to three nitrogen atoms and/or one oxygen or sulfur atom and one or two carbonyl groups, it being possible for the heterocyclic structure to be unsubstituted or to carry from one to three C₁-C₆-alkyl radicals;

R³ is hydrogen or a C₁-C₆-alkyl group;

R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen;

R⁵ is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano or trifluoromethyl;

R⁶ is a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclic group which may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from a group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, it being possible for one or two methylene groups of the heterocyclic group to be replaced by carbonyl and for the heterocyclic structure to carry one of the following radicals on each substitutable carbon atom:

C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₂-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkenylthio, C₃-C₆-alkynylthio, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, amino, halogen, C₁-C₄-alkylamino, di-(C₁-C₄-alkyl)-amino, cyano, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl or C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy,

one of the following groups:

—A—CN or —A—CO—B, —OR⁹, —C(R¹⁰)═O, —C(R¹⁰)═S, —C(R¹⁰)═N—R¹⁶, —CHR¹⁰—CHR¹¹—CO—B, —C(X¹R¹⁴)(X²R¹⁵)R¹⁰ or —P(R¹²)(R¹³)═O, where

A is a straight-chain C₂-C₄-alkenylene or C₂-C₄-alkynylene chain, both of which may be unsubstituted or may carry one or two radicals selected from a group consisting of halogen, cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl and C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl;

B is hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl, —OR¹⁷ or —SR¹⁷, where R¹⁷ is

hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,

C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl or C₁-C₆-alkoximino-C₁-C₆-alkyl;

phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, di-(C₁-C₆-alkoxy)-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl, or

—NR¹⁸R¹⁹, where R¹⁸ and R¹⁹, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, or

R¹⁸ and R¹⁹, together with the common nitrogen atom, form a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 4-membered to 7-membered ring which may also contain a further nitrogen atom or an oxygen or sulfur atom as a second ring member;

R⁹ is C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl or C₃-C₆-haloalkynyl; phenyl, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, where the heterocyclic structures may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated and may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from a group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, it being possible for the phenyl and heterocyclic radicals in turn to carry one of the following substituents on each substitutable carbon atom: C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₂-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoximino-C₁-C₆-alkyl;

R¹⁰ is hydrogen or cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of halogen, nitro, cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl;

R¹¹ is halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyloxy;

R¹² and R¹³ are each C₁-C₆-alkoxy or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl;

X¹ and X² are each oxygen or sulfur;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ together form a two-membered to four-membered carbon chain which may be unsaturated and which, if desired, may contain a carbonyl group as a ring member, it being possible for the carbon chain to be unsubstituted or to carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, carboxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-thioalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl;

R¹⁶ is hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, C₅-C₇-cycloalkoxy, C₅-C₇-cycloalkenyloxy, C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, di-(C₁-C₆-alkyl)-amino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy or phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, it being possible in each case for one or two methylene groups of the alkoxy, alkenyloxy and alkynyloxy chains to be replaced by oxygen, sulfur and/or a C₁-C₆-alkylamino chain, and for each phenyl ring to be unsubstituted or to carry from one to three substituents selected from a group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, —NR¹⁸R¹⁹;

or R⁵ and R⁶ together form a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated three-membered to five-membered carbon chain which, if desired, may contain one or two oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms and/or one carbonyl or C₁-C₆-alkoximino group as a ring member, it being possible for the chain to be unsubstituted or in turn to carry one or two radicals selected from a group consisting of cyano, nitro, amino, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₂-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl and three-membered to eight-membered heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, where the heterocyclic structure may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated and may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from a group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, with the proviso that, in the formula Ia, R⁹ is not C₃-C₆-alkynyl and R¹⁶ is not C₁-C₆-alkoxy and, in the formula Ib, R⁹ is not C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, and the agriculturally useful salts of the compounds Ia and Ib.

The present invention furthermore relates to novel intermediates of the formulae IIa, IIIa and VIIIa.

The present invention also relates to herbicides and plant growth regulators which contain these compounds as active substances.

EP-A 097 056 discloses herbicidal cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia′

where R^(a) is hydrogen or C₁-C₈-alkyl which is substituted by halogen or by C₁-C₄-alkoxy, Hal is halogen, R^(b) is hydrogen or C₁-C₄-alkyl and R^(c) is amino.

Furthermore, JO 60/252 457 describes cyclohexene-dicarboxylic derivatives of the formula Ia″

where R^(d) and R^(e) are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl or, together with the nitrogen atom, form a heterocyclic ring, and their use as herbicides.

Furthermore, WO-A 87/107 602 describes, inter alia, compounds of the formula Ia′″

where R^(f) and R^(g) are each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or halogen and R^(h) is, inter alia, cyano or a substituted alkylcarbonyl, carbonyl or alkoxycarbonylalkyl group.

Moreover, JO 59/051 250 discloses herbicidal N-phenyltetrahydrophthalamide derivatives of the formula Ia″″

where R^(n) is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbamoylmethyl or alkoxycarbonylmethyl and R^(o) and R^(p) are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or phenyl or, together with the nitrogen atom, form a heterocyclic ring.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,613,675 discloses further compounds of the type of the formula Ia″″ which carry a radical R⁴ instead of the fluorine atom and a radical —CHR^(q)P(═O) (OR^(r))R^(s) instead of R^(n), where R^(q) is hydrogen or alkyl, R^(r) is alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxycarbonyl and R^(s) is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkoxyalkyl.

JO 55/157 545, DE-A 30 19 758 and JO 55/154 949 likewise disclose compounds of the type of the formula Ia″″ which carry the radical R⁴ instead of the fluorine atom and, inter alia, alkyl or alkenyl instead of R^(n).

Further cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the type of compounds Ia are described, for example, in the following publications:

DE-A 28 51 379, DE-A 29 21 002, JO 48/096 722, JO 55/157 547, JO 55/157 552, JO 55 162 756, JO 58/188 848, JO 58/210 056, JO 58/216 181 and JO 61/043 160.

JO 58/210 056 discloses cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula Ib′

where R^(q), R^(s) and R^(t) are each H, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted aralkoxy, unesterified or esterified carboxyl or haloalkyl.

However, the selectivity of these known herbicides with respect to the weeds is satisfactory only to a limited extent, so that it is an object of the present invention to provide novel herbicidal compounds, by means of which the weeds can be selectively controlled more effectively than to date (in conjunction with good compatibility for the crop plants).

We have found that this object is achieved by the substituted cyclohexene-1,2-carboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib defined at the outset.

We have also found herbicides which contain these substances and have a good herbicidal action.

We have furthermore found that the novel compounds Ia and Ib are suitable as defoliants and desiccants, for example in the crops cotton, potato, rape, sunflower, soybean or field beans.

The meanings stated above for the substituents R¹ to R²⁰ are general terms for individual lists of the individual group members. All alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl and haloalkoxy moieties may be straight-chain or branched, unless stated otherwise. The haloalkyl and haloalkoxy radicals may carry identical or different halogen atoms.

Examples of specific meanings are:

halogen: fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine or chlorine;

C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-alkyl moieties in the radicals di-(C₁-C₆-alkoxy)-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl and heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylethyl, n-butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or tert-butyl;

C₂-C₆-alkenyl: ethenyl, and C₃-C₆-alkenyl, such as prop-1-en-1-yl, prop-2-en-1-yl, 1-methylethenyl, n-buten-1-yl, n-buten-2-yl, n-buten-3-yl, 1-methylprop-1-en-1-yl, 2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl, 1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, 2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, n-penten-1-yl, n-penten-2-yl, n-penten-3-yl, n-penten-4-yl, 1-methylbut-1-en-1-yl, 2-methylbut-1-en-1-yl, 3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl, 1-methylbut-2-en-1-yl, 2-methylbut-2-en-1-yl, 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl, 2-methylbut-3-en-1-yl, 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl, 1,1-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylprop-1-en-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yl, 1-ethylprop-1-en-2-yl, 1-ethylprop-2-en-1-yl, n-hex-1-en-1-yl, n-hex-2-en-1-yl, n-hex-3-en-1-yl, n-hex-4-en-1-yl, n-hex-5-en-1-yl, 1-methylpent-1-en-1-yl, 2-mehylpent-1-en-1-yl, 3-methylpent-1-en-1-yl, 4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl, 1-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, 2-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, 3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, 4-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, 1-methylpent-3-en-1-yl, 2-methylpent-3-en-1-yl, 2-methylpent-3-en-1-yl, 3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl, 4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl, 1-methylpent-4-en-1-yl, 2-methylpent-4-en-1-yl, 3-methylpent-4-en-1-yl, 4-methylpent-4-en-1-yl, 1,1-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1,1-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 1,3-dimethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 1,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 2,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 2,3-dimethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 2,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 2,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1-ethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 1-ethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 1-ethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 2-ethylbut-1-en-1-yl, 2-ethylbut-2-en-1-yl, 2-ethylbut-3-en-1-yl, 1,1,2-trimethylprop-2-en-1-yl, 1-ethyl-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, 1-ethyl-2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl or 1-ethyl-2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, preferably ethenyl or prop-2-en-1-yl;

C₂-C₆-alkynyl: ethynyl and C₃-C₆-alkynyl, such as prop-1-yn-1-yl, prop-2-yn-3-yl, n-but-1-yn-1-yl, n-but-1-yn-4-yl, n-but-2-yn-1-yl, n-pent-1-yn-1-yl, n-pent-1-yn-3-yl, n-pent-1-yn-4-yl, n-pentyn-5-yl, pent-2-yn-1-yl, pent-2-yn-4-yl, pent-2-yn-5-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-3-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-1-yl, n-hex-1-yn-3-yl, n-hex-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-5-yl, n-hex-1-yn-6-yl, n-hex-2-yn-1-yl, n-hex-2-yn-4-yl, n-hex-2-yn-5-yl, n-hex-2-yn-6-yl, n-hex-3-yn-1-yl, n-hex-3-yn-2-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-1-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-3-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-4-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-5-yl, 4-methylpent-1-yn-1-yl, 4-methylpent-2-yn-4-yl or 4-methylpent-2-yn-5-yl, preferably prop-2-ynyl;

C₃-C₈-cycloalkyl: cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cylcopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl, preferably C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, such as cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;

C₁-C₆-haloalkyl: chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl or 3-chloropropyl, preferably trifluoromethyl;

C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl: hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyeth-1-yl, 2-hydroxyeth-1-yl, 1-hydroxyprop-1-yl, 2-hydroxyprop-1-yl, 3-hydroxyprop-1-yl, 1-hydroxyprop-2-yl, 2-hydroxyprop-2-yl, 1-hydroxybut-1-yl, 2-hydroxybut-1-yl, 3-hydroxybut-1-yl, 4-hydroxybut-1-yl, 1-hydroxybut-2-yl, 2-hydroxybut-2-yl, 1-hydroxybut-3-yl, 2-hydroxybut-3-yl, 1-hydroxy-2-methylprop-3-yl, 2-hydroxy-2-methylprop-3-yl, 3-hydroxy-2-methylprop-3-yl or 2-hydroxymethylprop-2-yl, preferably hydroxymethyl;

C₁-C₆-thioalkyl: thiomethyl, 1-thioeth-1-yl, 2-thioeth-1-yl, 1-thioprop-1-yl, 2-thioprop-1-yl, 3-thioprop-1-yl, 1-thioprop-2-yl, 2-thioprop-2-yl, 1-thiobut-1-yl, 2-thiobut-1-yl, 3-thiobut-1-yl, 4-thiobut-1-yl, 1-thiobut-2-yl, 2-thiobut-2-yl, 1-thiobut-3-yl, 2-thiobut-3-yl, 1-thio-2-methylprop-3-yl, 2-thio-2-methylpropy-3-yl, 3-thio-2-methylprop-3-yl or 2-thiomethylprop-2-yl, preferably thiomethyl;

C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl: cyanomethyl, 1-cyanoeth-1-yl, 2-cyanoeth-1-yl, 1-cyanoprop-1-yl, 2-cyanoprop-1-yl, 3-cyanoprop-1-yl, 1-cyanoprop-2-yl, 2-cyanoprop-2-yl, 1-cyanobut-1-yl, 2-cyanobut-1-yl, 3-cyanobut-1-yl, 4-cyanobut-1-yl, 1-cyanobut-2-yl, 2-cyanobut-2-yl, 1-cyanobut-3-yl, 2-cyanobut-3-yl, 1-cyano-2-methylprop-3-yl, 2-cyano-2-methylprop-3-yl, 3-cyano-2-methylprop-3-yl or 2-cyanomethylprop-2-yl, preferably cyanomethyl or 1-cyanoeth-1-yl;

C₁-C₆-cyanoalkoxy: cyanomethoxy, 1-cyanoeth-1-oxy, 2-cyanoeth-1-oxy, 1-cyanoprop-1-oxy, 2-cyanoprop-1-oxy, 3-cyanoprop-1-oxy, 1-cyanoprop-2-oxy, 2-cyanoprop-2-oxy, 1-cyanobut-1-oxy, 2-cyanobut-1-oxy, 3-cyanobut-1-oxy, 4-cyanobut-1-oxy, 1-cyanobut-2-oxy, 2-cyanobut-2-oxy, 1-cyanobut-3-oxy, 2-cyanobut-3-oxy, 1-cyano-2-methylprop-3-oxy, 2-cyano-2-methylprop-3-oxy, 3-cyano-2-methylprop-3-oxy or 2-cyanomethylprop-2-oxy, preferably cyanomethoxy or 1-cyanoeth-1-oxy;

phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl: benzyl, 1-phenylethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylprop-1-yl, 2-phenylprop-1-yl, 3-phenylprop-1-yl, 1-phenylbut-1-yl, 2-phenylbut-1-yl, 3-phenylbut-1-yl, 4-phenylbut-1-yl, 1-phenylbut-2-yl, 2-phenylbut-2-yl, 3-phenylbut-2-yl, 3-phenylbut-2-yl, 4-phenylbut-2-yl, 1-(phenylmethyl)-eth-1-yl, 1-(phenylmethyl)-1-(methyl)-eth-1-yl or 1-(phenylmethyl)prop-1-yl, preferably benzyl;

C₁-C₆-alkoxy and the C₁-C₆-alkoxy moieties in the radicals C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, di-(C₁-C₆-alkoxy)-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl:

methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy, 1,1-dimethylethoxy, n-pentyloxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, n-hexyloxy, 1-methylpentyloxy, 2-methylpentyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, 4-methylpentyloxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,2-dimethylbutoxy, 1,3-dimethylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 2,3-dimethylbutoxy, 3,3-dimethylbutoxy, 1-ethylbutoxy, 2-ethylbutoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy, preferably C₁-C₄-alkoxy, such as methoxy or ethoxy;

C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy: chloromethoxy, dichloromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, chlorofluoromethoxy, dichlorofluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethoxy, 1-fluoroethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy or pentafluoroethoxy, preferably C₁-C₂-haloalkoxy, such as trifluoromethoxy;

C₁-C₆-alkylthio: methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, 1-methylethylthio, n-butylthio, 1-methylpropylthio, 2-methylpropylthio, 1,1-dimethylethylthio, n-pentylthio, 1-methylbutylthio, 2-methylbutylthio, 3-methylbutylthio, 1,1-dimethylpropylthio, 1,2-dimethylpropylthio, 2,2-dimethylpropylthio, 1-ethylpropylthio, n-hexylthio, 1-methylpentylthio, 2-methylpentylthio, 3-methylpentylthio, 4-methylpentylthio, 1,1-dimethylbutylthio, 1,2-dimethylbutylthio, 1,3-dimethylbutylthio, 2,2-dimethylbutylthio, 2,3-dimethylbutylthio, 3,3-dimethylbutylthio, 1-ethylbutylthio, 2-ethylbutylthio, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylthio, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylthio or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylthio, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylthio, such as methylthio or ethylthio;

phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy: benzyloxy, 1-phenylethoxy, 2-phenylethoxy, 1-phenylprop-1-yloxy, 2-phenylprop-1-yloxy, 3-phenylprop-1-yloxy, 1-phenylbut-1-yloxy, 2-phenylbut-1-yloxy, 3-phenylbut-1-yloxy, 4-phenylbut-1-yloxy, 1-phenylbut-2-yloxy, 2-phenylbut-2-yloxy, 3-phenylbut-2-yloxy, 3-phenylbut-2-yloxy, 4-phenylbut-2-yloxy, 1-(phenylmethyl)-eth-1-yloxy, 1-(phenoxymethyl)-1-(methyl)-eth-1-yloxy or 1-(phenylmethyl)-prop-1-yloxy, preferably benzyloxy;

C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy and the C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy moiety in C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl: prop-2-en-1-yloxy, n-buten-4-yloxy, n-buten-3-yloxy, 1-methylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, n-penten-3-yloxy, n-penten-4-yloxy, n-penten-5-yloxy, 1-methylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-methylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 1,1-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, 1,2-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-ethylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, n-hex-2-en-1-yloxy, n-hex-3-en-1-yloxy, n-hex-4-en-1-yloxy, n-hex-5-en-1-yloxy, 1-methylpent-2-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylpent-2-en-1-yloxy, 3-methylpent-2-en-1-yloxy, 4-methylpent-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-methylpent-3-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylpent-3-en-1-yloxy, 3-methylpent-3-en-1-yloxy, 4-methylpent-3-en-1-yloxy, 1-methylpent-4-en-1-yloxy, 2-methylpent-4-en-1-yloxy, 3-methylpent-4-en-1-yloxy, 4-methylpent-4-en-1-yloxy, 1,1-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1,1-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 1,2-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 1,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 2,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 2,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 2,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 3,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-ethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-ethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 2-ethylbut-2-en-1-yloxy, 2-ethylbut-3-en-1-yloxy, 1,1,2-trimethylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yloxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylprop-2-en-1-yloxy, preferably prop-2-en-1-yloxy;

C₃-C₆-alkenylthio: prop-2-en-1-ylthio, n-buten-4-ylthio, n-buten-3-ylthio, 1-methylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, n-penten-3-ylthio, n-penten-4-ylthio, n-penten-5-ylthio, 1-methylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-methyl-but-3-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 1,1-dimethylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, 1,2-dimethylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-ethylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, n-hex-2-en-1-ylthio, n-hex-3-en-1-ylthio, n-hex-4-en-1-ylthio, n-hex-5-en-1-ylthio, 1-methylpent-2-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylpent-2-en-1-ylthio, 3-methylpent-2-en-1-ylthio, 4-methylpent-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-methylpent-3-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylpent-3-en-1-ylthio, 3-methylpent-3-en-1-ylthio, 4-methylpent-3-en-1-ylthio, 1-methylpent-4-en-1-ylthio, 2-methylpent-4-en-1-ylthio, 3-methylpent-4-en-1-ylthio, 4-methylpent-4-en-1-ylthio, 1,1-dimethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1,1-dimethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 1,2-dimethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 1,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 2,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 2,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 2,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 3,3-dimethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-ethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-ethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 2-ethylbut-2-en-1-ylthio, 2-ethylbut-3-en-1-ylthio, 1,1,2-trimethylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, 1-ethyl-1-methylprop-2-en-1-ylthio or 1-ethyl-2-methylprop-2-en-1-ylthio, preferably prop-2-en-1-ylthio;

C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy or the C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy moiety in C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl: prop-2-yn-3-yloxy, n-but-1-yn-4-yloxy, n-but-2-yn-1-yloxy, n-pent-1-yn-3-yloxy, n-pent-1-yn-4-yloxy, n-pent-1-yn-5-yloxy, pent-2-yn-1-yloxy, pent-2-yn-4-yloxy, pent-2-yn-5-yloxy, 3-methylbut-1-yn-3-yloxy, 3-methylbut-1-yn-4-yloxy, n-hex-1-yn-3-yloxy, n-hex-1-yn-4-yloxy, n-hex-1-yn-5-yloxy, n-hex-1-yn-6-yloxy, n-hex-2-yn-1-yloxy, n-hex-2-yn-4-yloxy, n-hex-2-yn-5-yloxy, n-hex-2-yn-6-yloxy, n-hex-3-yn-1-yloxy, n-hex-3-yn-2-yloxy, 3-methylpent-1-yn-3-yloxy, 3-methylpent-1-yn-4-yloxy, 3-methylpent-1-yn-5-yloxy, 4-methylpent-2-yn-4-yloxy or 4-methylpent-2-yn-5-yloxy, preferably prop-2-ynyloxy;

C₃-C₆-alkynylthio: prop-2-yn-3-ylthio, n-but-1-yn-4-ylthio, n-but-2-yn-1-ylthio, n-pent-1-yn-3-ylthio, n-pent-1-yn-4-ylthio, n-pent-1-yn-5-ylthio, pent-2-yn-1-ylthio, pent-2-yn-4-ylthio, pent-2-yn-5-ylthio, 3-methylbut-1-yn-3-ylthio, 3-methylbut-1-yn-4-ylthio, n-hex-1-yn-3-ylthio, n-hex-1-yn-4-ylthio, n-hex-1-yn-5-ylthio, n-hex-1-yn-6-ylthio, n-hex-2-yn-1-ylthio, n-hex-2-yn-4-ylthio, n-hex-2-yn-5-ylthio, n-hex-2-yn-6-ylthio, n-hex-3-yn-1-ylthio, n-hex-3-yn-2-ylthio, 3-methylpent-1-yn-3-ylthio, 3-methylpent-1-yn-4-ylthio, 3-methylpent-1-yn-5-ylthio, 4-methylpent-2-yn-4-ylthio or 4-methylpent-2-yn-5-ylthio, preferably prop-2-ynylthio;

C₃-C₆-haloalkenyloxy, 2-chloroprop-2-enyloxy, 3-chloroprop-2-enyloxy, 2,3-dichloroprop-2-enyloxy, 3,3-dichloroprop-2-enyloxy, 2,3,3-trichloroprop-2-enyloxy, 2,3-dichlorobut-2-enyloxy, 2-bromoprop-2-enyloxy, 3-bromoprop-2-enyloxy, 2,3-dibromoprop-2-enyloxy, 3,3-dibromoprop-2-enyloxy, 2,3,3-tribromoprop-2-enyloxy or 2,3-dibromobut-2-enyloxy;

phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy: 2-phenylprop-2-enyloxy, 3-phenylprop-2-enyloxy or 4-phenylbut-2-en-1-yloxy;

phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy: 2-phenylprop-2-ynyloxy, 3-phenylprop-2-ynyloxy or 4-phenylbut-2-yn-1-yloxy;

C₃-C₇-cycloalkoxy: cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy or cycloheptyloxy;

C₅-C₇-cycloalkenyloxy, such as cyclopent-1-enyloxy, cylcopent-2-enyloxy, cyclopent-3-enyloxy, cyclohex-1-enyloxy, cyclohex-2-enyloxy, cyclohex-3-enyloxy, cyclohept-1-enyloxy, cyclohept-2-enyloxy, cyclohept-3-enyloxy or cyclohept-4-enyloxy;

C₁-C₄-alkylamino: methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, 1-methylethylamino, n-butylamino, 1-methylpropylamino, 2-methylpropylamino or 1,1-dimethylethylamino;

C₁-C₆-alkylamino: methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, 1-methylethylamino, n-butylamino, 1-methylpropylamino, 2-methylpropylamino, 1,1-dimethylethylamino, n-pentylamino, 1-methylbutylamino, 2-methylbutylamino, 3-methylbutylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropylamino, 1-ethylpropylamino, n-hexylamino, 1,1-dimethylpropylamino, 1,2-dimethylpropylamino, 1-methylpentylamino, 2-methylpentylamino, 3-methylpentylamino, 4-methylpentylamino, 1,1-dimethylbutylamino, 1,2-dimethylbutylamino, 1,3-dimethylbutylamino, 2,2-dimethylbutylamino, 2,3-dimethylbutylamino, 3,3-dimethylbutylamino, 1-ethylbutylamino, 2-ethylbutylamino, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylamino, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylamino, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylamino or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylamino, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylamino, such as methylamino or ethylamino;

di-C₁-C₆-alkylamino: N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, N,N-dipropylamino, N,N-di-(1-methylethyl)amino, N,N-dibutylamino, N,N-di-(1-methylpropyl)amino, N,N-di-(2-methylpropyl)amino, N,N-di-(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-N-propylamino, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)amino, N-butyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)amino, N-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)amino, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methylamino, N-ethyl-N-propylamino, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)amino, N-butyl-N-ethylamino, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)amino, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)amino, N-ethyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-propylamino, N-butyl-N-propylamino, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-propylamino, N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-propylamino, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-propylamino, N-butyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-amino, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)amino, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-amino, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)amino, N-butyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)amino, N-butyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)amino, N-butyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)amino, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)amino or N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)amino, preferably dimethylamino or diethylamino;

C₁-C₆-alkylphosphono: methylphosphono, ethylphosphono, n-propylphosphono, 1-methylethylphosphono, n-butylphosphono, 1-methylpropylphosphono, 2-methylpropylphosphono, 1,1-dimethylethylphosphono, n-pentylphosphono, 1-methylbutylphosphono, 2-methylbutylphosphono, 3-methylbutylphosphono, 2,2-dimethylpropylphosphono, 1-ethyl-propylphosphono, n-hexylphosphono, 1,1-dimethylpropylphosphono, 1,2-dimethylpropylphosphono, 1-methylpentylphosphono, 2-methylpentylphosphono, 3-methylphenylphosphono, 4-methylpentylphosphono, 1,1-dimethylbutylphosphono, 1,2-dimethylbutylphosphono, 1,3-dimethylbutylphosphono, 2,2-dimethylbutylphosphono, 2,3-dimethylbutylphosphono, 3,3-dimethylbutylphosphono, 1-ethylbutylphosphono, 2-ethylbutylphosphono, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylphosphono, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylphosphono, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylphosphono or 1-ethyl-2-methylphosphono, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylphosphono, such as methylphosphono or ethylphosphono;

di-C₁-C₆-alkylphosphono: N,N-dimethylphosphono, N,N-diethylphosphono, N,N-dipropylphosphono, N,N-di-(1-methylethyl)phosphono, N,N-dibutylphosphono, N,N-di-(1-methylpropyl)phosphono, N,N-di-(2-methylpropyl)phosphono, N,N-di-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phosphono, N-ethyl-N-methyl-phosphono, N-methyl-N-propylphosphono, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)phosphono, N-butyl-N-methylphosphono, N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methylphosphono, N-ethyl-N-propylphosphono, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)phosphono, N-butyl-N-ethylphosphono, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-phosphono, N-ethyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phosphono, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-propylphosphono, N-butyl-N-propylphosphono, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-propylphosphono, N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-propylphosphono, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-propylphosphono, N-butyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-phosphono, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropylphosphono, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)phosphono, N-buty-N-(1-methylpropyl)-phosphono, N-butyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-butyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phosphono, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)phosphono, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)phosphono or N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)phosphono, preferably dimethylphosphono or diethylphosphono;

C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl: methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, 1-methylethylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, 1-methylpropylsulfonyl, 2-methylpropylsulfonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl, 1-methylbutylsulfonyl, 2-methylbutylsulfonyl, 3-methylbutylsulfonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfonyl, n-hexylsulfonyl, 1-methylpentylsulfonyl, 2-methylpentylsulfonyl, 3-methylpentylsulfonyl, 4-methylpentylsulfonyl, 1,1-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 1,2-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 1,3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 2,2-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 2,3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 3,3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 1-ethylbutylsulfonyl, 1-ethylbutylsulfonyl, 2-ethylbutylsulfonyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylsulfonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylsulfonyl, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl, such as methylsulfonyl or ethylsulfonyl;

C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, n-propoxymethyl, (1-methylethoxy)methyl, n-butoxymethyl, (1-methylpropoxy)methyl, (2-methylpropoxy)methyl, (1,1-dimethylethoxy)methyl, n-pentyloxymethyl, (1-methylbutoxy)methyl, (2-methylbutoxy)methyl, (3-methylbutoxy)-methyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoxy)methyl, (1-ethylpropoxy)-methyl, n-hexyloxymethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoxy)methyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoxy)methyl, (1-methylpentyloxy)methyl, (2-methylpentyloxy)methyl, (3-methylpentyloxy)methyl, (4-methylpentyloxy)methyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (3,3-dimethylbutoxy)methyl, (1-ethylbutoxy)methyl, (2-ethylbutoxy)methyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy)methyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy)methyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy)methyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy)methyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, n-propoxyethyl, (1-methylethoxy)-ethyl, n-butoxyethyl, (1-methylpropoxy)ethyl, (2-methylpropoxy)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylethoxy)ethyl, n-pentyloxyethyl, (1-methylbutoxy)ethyl, (2-methylbutoxy)ethyl, (3-methylbutoxy)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoxy)ethyl, (1-ethylpropoxy)ethyl, n-hexyloxyethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoxy)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoxy)ethyl, (1-methylpentyloxy)ethyl, (2-methylpentyloxy)ethyl, (3-methylpentyloxy)ethyl, (4-methylpentyloxy)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (3,3-dimethylbutoxy)ethyl, (1-ethylbutoxy)ethyl, (2-ethylbutoxy)ethyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy)ethyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy)ethyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy)ethyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy)ethyl, 2-methoxypropyl, 3-methoxypropyl or 2-ethoxypropyl, preferably C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₂-alkyl, such as methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-ethoxyethyl;

C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methylthiomethyl, ethylthiomethyl, n-propylthiomethyl, (1-methylethylthio)methyl, n-butylthiomethyl, (1-methylpropylthio)methyl, (2-methylpropylthio)methyl, (1,1-dimethylethylthio)methyl, n-pentylthiomethyl, (1-methylbutylthio)methyl, (2-methylbutylthio)methyl, (3-methylbutylthio)methyl, (2,2-dimethylpropylthio)methyl, (1-ethylpropylthio)methyl, n-hexylthiomethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropylthio)methyl, (1,2-dimethylpropylthio)methyl, (1-methylpentylthio)methyl, (2-methylpentylthio)methyl, (3-methylpentylthio)methyl, (4-methylpentylthio)methyl, (1,1-dimethylbutylthio)-methyl, (1,2-dimethylbutylthio)methyl, (1,3-dimethylbutylthio)methyl, (2,2-dimethylbutylthio)methyl, (2,3-dimethylbutylthio)methyl, (3,3-dimethylbutylthio)methyl, (1-ethylbutylthio)methyl, (2-ethylbutylthio)methyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio)methyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylthio)methyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylthio)methyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylthio)methyl, methylthioethyl, ethylthioethyl, n-propylthioethyl, (1-methylethylthio)-ethyl, n-butylthioethyl, (1-methylpropylthio)ethyl, (2-methylpropylthio)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylethylthio)ethyl, n-pentylthioethyl, (1-methylbutylthio)ethyl, (2-methylbutylthio)ethyl, (3-methylbutylthio)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylpropylthio)ethyl, (1-ethylpropylthio)ethyl, n-hexylthioethyl, (1,1-dimethyhlpropylthio)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylpropylthio)ethyl, (1-methylpentylthio)ethyl, (2-methylpentylthio)ethyl, (3-methylpentylthio)ethyl, (4-methylpentylthio)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylbutylthio)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylbutylthio)ethyl, (1,3-dimethylbutylthio)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylbutylthio)ethyl, (2,3-dimethylbutylthio)-ethyl, (3,3-dimethylbutylthio)ethyl, (1-ethylbutylthio)-ethyl, (2-ethylbutylthio)ethyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio)ethyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylthio)ethyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylthio)ethyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylthio)-ethyl, 2-(methylthio)proypl, 3-(methylthio)propyl or 2-(ethylthio)propyl, preferably C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₂-alkyl, such as methylthiomethyl, ethylthiomethyl, 2-methylthioethyl or 2-ethylthioethyl;

C₁-C₆-alkoximino: methoximino, ethoximino, n-propoximino, 1-methylethoximino, n-butoximino, 1-methylpropoximino, 2-methylpropoximino, 1,1-dimethylethoximino, n-pentyloximino, 1-methylbutoximino, 2-methylbutoximino, 3-methylbutoximino, 1,1-dimethylpropoximino, 1,2-dimethylpropoximino, 2,2-dimethylpropoximino, 1-ethylpropoximino, n-hexyloximino, 1-methylpentyloximino, 2-methylpentyloximino, 3-methylpentyloximino, 4-methylpentyloximino, 1,1-dimethylbutoximino, 1,2-dimethylbutoximino, 1,3-dimethylbutoximino, 2,2-dimethylbutoximino, 2,3-dimethylbutoximino, 3,3-dimethylbutoximino, 1-ethylbutoximino, 2-ethylbutoximino, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoximino, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoximino, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoximino or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoximino, preferably C₁-C₄-alkoximino, such as methoximino or ethoximino;

C₁-C₆-alkoximino-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methoximinomethyl, ethoximinomethyl, n-propoximinomethyl, (1-methylethoximino)-methyl, n-butoximinomethyl, (1-methylpropoximino)methyl, (2-methylpropoximino)methyl, (1,1-dimethylethoximino)-methy, n-pentyloximinomethyl, (1-methylbutoximino)-methyl, (2-methylbutoximino)methyl, (3-methylbutoximino)methyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoximino)-methyl, (1-ethylpropoximino)methyl, n-hexyloximinomethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoximino)methyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoximino)methyl, (1-methylpentyloximino)methyl, (2-methylpentyloximino)methyl, (3-methylpentyloximino)methyl, (4-methylpentoximino)methyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoximino)methyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoximino)methyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoximino)methyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoximino)-methyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoximino)methyl, (3,3-dimethylbutoximino)methyl, (1-ethylbutoximino)methyl, (2-ethylbutoximino)methyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoximino)methyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoximino)methyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoximino)methyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoximino)methyl, methoximinoethyl, ethoximinoethyl, n-propoximinoethyl, (1-methylethoximino)ethyl, n-butoximinoethyl, (1-methylpropoximino)ethyl, (2-methylpropoximino)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylethoximino)ethyl, n-pentyloximinoethyl, (1-methylbutoximino)ethyl, (2-methylbutoximino)ethyl, (3-methylbutoximino)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoximino)-ethyl, (1-ethylpropoximino)ethyl, n-hexyloximinoethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoximino)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoximino)ethyl, (1-methylpentyloximino)ethyl, (2-methylpentyloximino)ethyl, (3-methylpentyloximino)ethyl, (4-methylpentoximino)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoximino)-ethyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoximino)ethyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoximino)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoximino)ethyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoximino)ethyl, (3,3-diethylbutoximino)ethyl, (1-ethylbutoximino)ethyl, (2-ethylbutoximino)ethyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoximino)ethyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoximino)-ethyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoximino)ethyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoximino)ethyl, 2-(methoximino)propyl, 3-(methoximino)propyl or 2-(ethoximino)propyl, preferably C₁-C₆-alkoximino, C₁-C₂-alkyl, such as methoximinomethyl, ethoximinomethyl, 2-methoximinoethyl or 2-ethoximinoethyl;

C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy: methoxymethoxy, ethoxymethoxy, n-propoxymethoxy, (1-methylethyl)methoxy, n-butoxymethoxy, (1-methylpropoxy)methoxy, (2-methylpropoxy)-methoxy, (1,1-dimethylethoxy)methoxy, n-pentyloxymethoxy, (1-methylbutoxy)methoxy, (2-methylbutoxy)methoxy, (3-methylbutoxy)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropoxy)methoxy, (1-ethylpropoxy)methoxy, n-hexyloxymethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropoxy)methoxy, (1,2-dimethylpropoxy)methoxy, (1-methylpentyloxy)methoxy, (2-methylpentyloxy)methoxy, (3-methylpentyloxy)methoxy, (4-methylpentyloxy)methoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (2,3-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutoxy)methoxy, (1-ethylbutoxy)methoxy, (2-ethylbutoxy)methoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy)methoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy)-methoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy)methoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy)methoxy, methoxyethoxy, ethoxyethoxy, n-propoxyethoxy, (1-methylethoxy)ethoxy, n-butoxyethoxy, (1-methylpropoxy)ethoxy, (2-methylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylethoxy)ethoxy, n-pentyloxyethoxy, (1-methylbutoxy)ethoxy, (2-methylbutoxy)ethoxy, (3-methylbutoxy)-ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1-ethylpropoxy)-ethoxy, n-hexyloxyethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1,2-dimethypropoxy)ethoxy, (1-methylpentyloxy)ethoxy, (2-methylpentyloxy)ethoxy, (3-methylpentyloxy)ethoxy, (4-methylpentyloxy)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (2,3-diethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (1-ethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (2-ethylbutoxy)ethoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy)ethoxy, 3-(methoxy)propoxy, 2-(methoxy)propoxy or 2-(ethoxy)propoxy, preferably C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₂-alkoxy, such as methoxymethoxy, ethoxymethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy or 2-ethoxyethoxy;

C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkoxy: methylthiomethoxy, ethylthiomethoxy, n-propylthiomethoxy, (1-methylethylthio)-methoxy, n-butylthiomethoxy, (1-methylpropylthio)methoxy, (2-methylpropylthio)methoxy, (1,1-dimethylethylthio)-methoxy, n-pentylthiomethoxy, (1-methylbutylthio)methoxy, (2-methylbutylthio)methoxy, (3-methylbutylthio)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropylthio)methoxy, (1-ethylpropylthio)-methoxy, n-heyxylthiomethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropylthio)-methoxy, (1,2-dimethylpropylthio)methoxy, (1-methylpentylthio)methoxy, (2-methylpentylthio)methoxy, (3-methylpentylthio)methoxy, (4-methylpentylthio)methoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutylthio)methoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutylthio)-methoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutylthio)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutylthio)methoxy, (2,3-dimethylbutylthio)methoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutylthio)methoxy, (1-ethylbutylthio)methoxy, (2-ethylbutylthio)methoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio)-methoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylthio)methoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylthio)methoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylthio)-methoxy, methylthioethoxy, ethylthioethoxy, n-propylthioethoxy, (1-methylethylthio)ethoxy, n-butylthioethoxy, (1-methylpropylthio)ethoxy, (2-methylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylethylthio)ethoxy, n-pentylthio)ethoxy, (1-methylbutylthio)ethoxy, (2-methylbutylthio)ethoxy, (3-methylbutylthio)ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1-ethylpropylthio)ethoxy, n-hexylthioethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1,2-dimethylpropylthio)-ethoxy, (1-methylpentylthio)ethoxy, (2-methylpentylthio)ethoxy, (3-methylpentylthio)ethoxy, (4-methylpentylthio)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (2,3-dimethylbutylthio)-ethoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (1-ethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (2-ethylbutylthio)ethoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylthio)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylthio)ethoxy, 2-(methylthio)propoxy, 3-(methylthio)propoxy or 2-(ethylthio)propoxy, preferably C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₂-alkoxy, such as methylthiomethoxy, ethylthiomethoxy, 2-ethylthioethoxy or 2-ethylthioethoxy;

C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy: methylaminomethoxy, ethyl-aminomethoxy, n-propylaminoethoxy, (1-methylethylamino)methoxy, n-butylaminomethoxy, (1-methylpropylamino)methoxy, (2-methylpropylamino)methoxy, (1,1-dimethylethylamino)methoxy, n-pentylamino)methoxy, (1-methylbutylamino)methoxy, (2-methylbutylamino)methoxy, (3-methylbutylamino)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropylamino)-methoxy, (1-ethylpropylamino)methoxy, n-hexylaminoethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropylamino)methoxy, (1,2-dimethylpropylamino)methoxy, (1-methylpentylamino)methoxy, (2-methylpentylamino)methoxy, (3-methylpentylamino)methoxy, (4-methylpentylamino)methoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutylamino)-methoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutylamino)methoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutylamino)methoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutylamino)methoxy, (2,3-dimethylbutylamino)methoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutylamino)methoxy, (1-ethylbutylamino)methoxy, (2-ethylbutylamino)methoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylamino)methoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylamino)methoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylamino)methoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylamino)-methoxy, methylaminoethoxy, ethylaminoethoxy, n-propylaminoethoxy, (1-methylethylamino)ethoxy, n-butylaminoethoxy, (1-methylpropylamino)ethoxy, (2-methylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylethylamino)ethoxy, n-pentylamino)ethoxy, (1-methylbutylamino)ethoxy, (2-methylbutylamino)ethoxy, (3-methylbutylamino)ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1-ethylpropylamino)ethoxy, n-hexylaminoethoxy, (1,1-dimethylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1,2-dimethylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1-methylpentylamino)ethoxy, (2-methylpentylamino)ethoxy, (3-methylpentylamino)ethoxy, (4-methylpentylamino)ethoxy, (1,1-dimethylbutylamino)-ethoxy, (1,2-dimethylbutylamino)ethoxy, (1,3-dimethylbutylamino)ethoxy, (2,2-dimethylbutylamino)ethoxy, (2,3-dimethylbutylamino)ethoxy, (3,3-dimethylbutylamino)-ethoxy, (1-ethylbutylamino)ethoxy, (2-ethylbutylamino)-ethoxy, (1,1,2-trimethylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1,2,2-trimethylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropylamino)ethoxy, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylamino)ethoxy, 2-(methylamino)propoxy, 3-(methylamino)propoxy or 2-(ethylamino)propoxy, preferably C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₂-alkoxy, such as methylaminomethoxy, ethylaminomethoxy, 2-methylaminoethoxy or 2-ethylaminoethoxy;

di-C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy: N,N-dimethylamionomethoxy, N,N-diethylaminomethoxy, N,N-dipropylaminomethoxy, N,N-di-(1-methylethyl)aminomethoxy, N,N-dibutylaminomethoxy, N,N-di-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N,N-di-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N,N-di-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-methylaminomethoxy, N-methyl-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-aminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-methylaminomethoxy, N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-methyl-N-(2-methylaminomethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-ethylaminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-aminomethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-propylaminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)aminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminomethoxy, N,N-dimethylaminoethoxy, N,N-diethylaminoethoxy, N,N-di-(n-propyl)aminoethoxy, N,N-di-(1-methylethyl)aminoethoxy, N,N-dibutylaminoethoxy, N,N-di-(1-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N,N-di-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N,N-di-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-methylaminoethoxy, N-methyl-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-methylaminoethoxy, N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methylaminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-ethylaminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aiminoethoxy, N-ethyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-propylaminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-aminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-butyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy or N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminoethoxy;

C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl: methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, propylcarbonyl, 1-methylethylcarbonyl, butylcarbonyl, 1-methylpropylcarbonyl, 2-methylpropylcarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylcarbonyl, pentylcarbonyl, 1-methylbutylcarbonyl, 2-methylbutylcarbonyl, 3-methylbutylcarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylcarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylcarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylcarbonyl, 1-ethylpropylcarbonyl, hexylcarbonyl, 1-methylpentylcarbonyl, 2-methylpentylcarbonyl, 3-methylpentylcarbonyl, 4-methylpentylcarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 1,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 2,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 3,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyl, 1-ethylbutylcarbonyl, 2-ethylbutylcarbonyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylcarbonyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylcarbonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylcarbonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxycarbonyl, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, such as methylcarbonyl or ethylcarbonyl;

C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl and the C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl moieties in the radicals C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₂-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, 1-methylethoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, 1-methylpropoxycarbonyl, 2-methylpropoxycarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl, n-pentyloxycarbonyl, 1-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 2-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 3-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl, 1-ethylpropoxycarbonyl, hexyloxycarbonyl, 1-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 2-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 3-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 4-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 1,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 2,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 3,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl, 1-ethylbutoxycarbonyl, 2-ethylbutoxycarbonyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxycarbonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxycarbonyl, preferably C₁-C₄-alkoxycarbonyl, such as methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl;

C₁-C₆-alkylaminocarbonyl: methylaminocarbonyl, ethylaminocarbonyl, n-propylaminocarbonyl, 1-methyhlethylaminocarbonyl, n-butylaminocarbonyl, 1-methylpropylaminocarbonyl, 2-methylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylaminocarbonyl, n-pentylaminocarbonyl, 1-methylbutylaminocarbonyl, 2-methylbutylaminocarbonyl, 3-methylbutylaminocarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1-ethylpropylaminocarbonyl, n-hexylaminocarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1-methylpentylaminocarbonyl, 2-methylpentylaminocarbonyl, 3-methylpentylamlinocarbonyl, 4-methylpentylaminocarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 1,2-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 1,3-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 2,3-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 3,3-dimethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 1-ethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 2-ethylbutylaminocarbonyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylaminocarbonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylaminocarbonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylaminocarbonyl, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylaminocarbonyl, such as methylaminocarbonyl or ethylaminocarbonyl;

di-C₁-C₆-alkylaminocarbonyl: N,N-dimethyhlaminocarbonyl, N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl, N,N-dipropylaminocarbonyl, N,N-di-(1-methylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N,N-dibutylaminocarbonyl, N,N-di-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N,N-di-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N,N-di-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-methyl-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-aminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-ethylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-(1-methylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl_aminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-butyl-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1-methylpropyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)aminocarbonyl or N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-aminocarbonyl, preferably dimethylaminocarbonyl or diethyraminocarbonyl;

C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy: acetoxy, propionyloxy, butyryloxy, alpha-methylpropionyloxy, n-butylcarbonyloxy, 1-methylpropylcarbonyloxy, 2-methylpropylcarbonyloxy, 1,1-dimethylethylcarbonyloxy, n-pentylcarbonyloxy, 1-methylbutylcarbonyloxy, 2-methylbutylcarbonyloxy, 3-methylbutylcarbonyloxy, 1,1-dimethylpropylcarbonyloxy, 1,2-dimethylpropylcarbonyloxy, 2,2-dimethylpropylcarbonyloxy, 1-ethylpropylcarbonyloxy, n-hexylcarbonyloxy, 1-methylpentylcarbonyloxy, 2-methylpentylcarbonyloxy, 3-methylpentylcarbonyloxy, 4-methylpentylcarbonyloxy, 1,1-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 1,2-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 1,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 2,2-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 2,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 3,3-dimethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 1-ethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 2-ethylbutylcarbonyloxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylcarbonyloxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropylcarbonyloxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylcarbonyloxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylcarbonyloxy, preferably C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyloxy, such as methylcarbonyloxy or ethylcarbonyloxy;

C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl: methoxycarbonylmethyl, ethoxycarbonylmethyl, n-propoxycarbonylmethyl, (1-methylethoxycarbonyl)methyl, n-butoxycarbonylmethyl, (1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2-methylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)methyl, n-pentyloxycarbonylmethyl, (1-methylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2-methylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (3-methylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1-ethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, n-hexyloxycarbonylmethyl, (1-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)methyl, (2-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)methyl, (3-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)methyl, (4-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (3,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1-ethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (2-ethylbutoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)methyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylcarbonyl)methyl, methoxycarbonylethyl, ethoxycarbonylethyl, n-propoxycarbonylethyl, (1-methylethoxycarbonyl)ethyl, n-butoxycarbonylethyl, (1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-ethyl, (1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)ethyl, n-pentyloxycarbonylethyl, (1-methylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2-methylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (3-methylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1-ethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, n-hexyloxycarbonylethyl, (1-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)ethyl, (3-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)ethyl, (4-methylpentyloxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,1-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2,2-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (3,3-dimethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1-ethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (2-ethylbutoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,1,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1,2,2-trimethylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)ethyl, (1-ethyl-2-methylpropylcarbonyl)ethyl, 3-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl, 2-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl or 2-(ethoxycarbonyl)propyl, preferably C₁-C₄-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁- or C₂-alkyl, such as methoxycarbonylmethyl, ethoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl or 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl;

heterocyclyl and the heterocyclyl radical in the heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl group, where the heterocyclic structure in each case may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated and may carry from one to four hetero atoms:

Tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, pyrrolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolidinyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolidinyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolidinyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolidinyl, 1,2,4-triazolidinyl, 1,3,4-triazolidin-2-yl, 2,3-dihydrofuryl, 2,4-dihydrofuryl, 2,3-dihydrothienyl, 2,4-dihydrothienyl, 2,3-pyrrolin-2-yl, 2,4-pyrrolinyl, 2,3-isoxazolinyl, 3,4-isoxazolinyl, 4,5-isoxazolinyl, 2,3-isothiazolinyl, 3,4-isothiazolinyl, 4,5-isothiazolinyl, 2,3-dihydropyrazolyl, 3,4-dihydropyrazolyl, 4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl, 2,3-dihydrooxazolyl, 3,4-dihydrooxazolyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl, 3-tetrahydropyridazinyl, 4-tetrahydropyridazinyl, 2-tetrahydropyrimidinyl, 4-tetrahydropyrimidinyl, 5-tetrahydropyrimidinyl, 2-tetrahydropyrazinyl, 1,3,5-tetrahydrotriazin-2-yl or 1,2,4-tetrahydrotriazin-3-yl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,2,4-triazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, dihydropyran-2-yl, dihydropyran-3-yl, dihydropyran-4-yl, dihydrothiopyran-2-yl, dihydrothiopyran-3-yl, dihydrothiopyran-4-yl, tetrahydropyran-2-yl, tetrahydropyran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl or tetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl,

The substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib may be present in the form of their agriculturally useful salts, suitable salts being in general those of bases which do not adversely affect the herbicidal action of Ia and Ib.

Particularly suitable basic salts are those of the alkali metals, preferably the sodium and potassium salts, those of the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium, magnesium and barium salts, and those of the transition metals, preferably manganese, copper, zinc and iron salts, as well as the ammonium salts which may carry from one to three C₁-C₄-alkyl or hydroxy-C₁-C₄-alkyl substituents and/or one phenyl or benzyl substituent, preferably diisopropylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, trimethylbenzylammonium and trimethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium salts, the phosphonium salts, the sulfonium salts, preferably tri-C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonium salts, and the sulfoxonium salts, preferably tri-C₁-C₄-alkylsulfoxonium salts.

In view of the use of the novel cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib, tetrahydrophthalimides IIa, tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa as herbicidal and defoliant/desiccant compounds, the variables preferably have the following meanings:

R¹ and R², independently of one another, are each a radical from the group 1.01-1.179 or R¹ and R² together form a radical from the group 2.01-2.07,

R³ is a radical from the group 3.01-3.09,

R⁴ is a radical from the group 4.01-4.08,

R⁵ is a radical from the group 5.01-5.08,

R⁵ and R⁶ together form a radical from the group 56.01-56.31,

R⁶ is a radical from the group 6.01-6.08, where

X¹ and X² independently of one another are each oxygen or sulfur,

A is a radical from the group A.01-A.32,

B is a radical from the group B.01-B.138,

R⁹ is a radical from the group 9.01-9.109,

R¹⁰ is a radical from the group 10.01-10.22,

R¹¹ is a radical from the group 11.01-11.08,

R¹² is a radical from the group 12.01-12.17,

R¹⁶ is a radical from the group 16.01-16.161,

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ independently of one another are each a radical from the group 14.01-14.17 or

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ together form a radical from the group 15.01-15.60,

it being possible for R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ to be freely combined with one another, with the proviso that R¹ may be only 1.01 to 1.08 when R² is 1.05 to 1.156.

TABLE 1 No. R¹, R² 1.01 H 1.02 CH₃ 1.03 C₂H₅ 1.04 n-C₃H₇ 1.05 i-C₃H₇ 1.06 n-C₄H₉ 1.07 n-C₅H₁₁ 1.08 n-C₆H₁₃ 1.09 CH₂CH═CH₂ 1.10 CH(CH₃)-CH═CH₂ 1.11 CH₂—CM═CH—CH₂ 1.12 CH₂—C≡CH 1.13 CH(CH₃)—C≡CH 1.14 CH₂—C≡C-CH₃ 1.15 Cyclopropyl 1.16 Cyclobutyl 1.17 Cyclopentyl 1.18 Cyclohexyl 1.19 Cycloheptyl 1.20 (CH₂)₂Cl 1.21 CH₂Cl 1.22 Phenyl 1.23 2-F-phenyl 1.24 3-F-phenyl 1.25 4-F-phenyl 1.26 2-Cl-phenyl 1.27 3-Cl-phenyl 1.28 4-Cl-phenyl 1.29 2-Br-phenyl 1.30 3-Br-phenyl 1.31 4-Br-phenyl 1.32 2-CH₃-phenyl 1.33 3-CH₃-phenyl 1.34 4-CH₃-phenyl 1.35 2-CF₃-phenyl 1.36 3-CF₃-phenyl 1.37 4-CF₃-phenyl 1.38 2-OCH₃-phenyl 1.39 3-OCH₃-phenyl 1.40 4-OCH_(3-phenyl) 1.41 4-NO₂-phenyl 1.42 4-CN-phenyl 1.43 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl 1.44 2,4-(CH₃)₂-phenyl 1.45 CH₂—OCH₃ 1.46 (CH₂)₂—OC₂H₅ 1.47 OH 1.48 OCH₃ 1.49 OC₂H₅ 1.50 O-n-C₃H₇ 1.51 O-i-C₃H₇ 1.52 O-n-C₄H₉ 1.53 O-i-C₄H₉ 1.54 O-s-C₄H₉ 1.55 O-tert.-C₄H₉ 1.56 O—CH₂CH═CH₂ 1.57 O—CH(CH₃)CH═CH₂ 1.58 O—CH₂C≡CH 1.59 O—CH(CH₃)—CH≡CH 1.60 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₃ 1.61 O—CH₂—CH═CH—CH₃ 1.62 O-cyclopentyl 1.63 O-cyclohexyl 1.64 O-cyclopent-3-enyl 1.65 O-cyclohex-3-enyl 1.66 O—(CH₂)₂—Cl 1.67 O—(CH₂)₂—Cl 1.68 O—(CH₂)—F 1.69 O—CH₂—CF₃ 1.70 O—(CH₂)₂—Br 1.71 O—CH₂—CH═CHCl 1.72 O—CH₂—C(Cl)═CH₂ 1.73 O—CH₂—C(Br)═CH₂ 1.74 O—CH₂—CH═C(Cl)—CH₃ 1.75 O—CH₂—C(Cl)═CCl₂ 1.76 O—CH₂-cyclopropyl 1.77 O—CH₂-cyclobutyl 1.78 O—CH₂-cyclopentyl 1.79 O—CH₂-cyclohexyl 1.80 O—CH₂-cycloheptyl 1.81 O—CO—CH₃ 1.82 O—CO—C₂H₅ 1.83 O—CH₂—CN 1.84 O—(CH₂)₃—CN 1.85 O—CH₂—OCH₃ 1.86 O—CH₂—OC₂H₅ 1.87 O—(CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 1.88 O—(CH₂)₂—OC₂H₅ 1.89 O—(CH₂)₃—OC₂H₅ 1.90 O—(CH₂)₂—CO—OCH₃ 1.91 O—(CH₂)₂—CO—OC₂H₅ 1.92 O—C(CH₃)—CO—OCH₃ 1.93 O—C(CH₃)—CO—OC₂H₅ 1.94 O—OCH₂)₂—OH 1.95 O—CH₂-SCH₃ 1.96 O—(CH₂)₂—N(CH₃)₂ 1.97 O—(CH₂)₂—N(C₂H₅)₂ 1.98 O—CH₂-phenyl 1.99 O—(CH₂)₂-phenyl 1.100 O—(CH₂)₃-phenyl 1.101 O—(CH₂)₄-phenyl 1.102 O—(CH₂)₄—(₄—Cl-phenyl) 1.103 O—(CH₂)₄—(4-CH₃-phenyl) 1.104 O—(CH₂)₄—(4-CH₃-phenyl) 1.105 O—(CH₂)₄—(4-F-phenyl) 1.106 O—CH₂CH═CH-phenyl 1.107 O—CH₂CH═CH-(4-F-phenyl) 1.108 O—CH₂CH═CH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 1.109 O—CH₂CH═CH-(3-OCH₃-phenyl) 1.110 O—(CH₂)₂—CH═CH-(4-F-phenyl) 1.111 O—(CH₂)₂—CH═CH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 1.112 O—(CH₂)—CH═CH-(3,4-Cl₂phenyl) 1.113 O—CH₂—CH═C(CH₃)-(4-F-phenyl) 1.114 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₂-phenyl 1.115 O—(CH₂)₂-O-phenyl 1.116 O—(CH₂)₂—OCH₂-phenyl 1.117 O—(CH₂)₂—OCH₂-(4-F-phenyl) 1.118 O—CH₂CH═CH—CH₂—O-phenyl 1.119 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₂O-phenyl 1.120 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₂—O-(4-F-phenyl) 1.121 O-(CH₂)₂—SCH₂-phenyl 1.122 O—(CH₂)₂—SCH₂-(4-Cl-phenyl) 1.123 O-(CH₂)₂—N(CH₃)—CH₂-phenyl 1.124 NH₂ 1.125 NHCH₃ 1.126 NH—C₂H₅ 1.127 NH-n-C₃H₇ 1.128 NH-i-C₃H₇ 1.129 NH-n-C₄H₉ 1.130 NH_(-i-C) ₄H₉ 1.131 NH_(-s-C) ₄H₉ 1.132 NH-tert.-C₄H₉ 1.133 NH-cyclopropyl 1.134 NH-cyclobutyl 1.135 NH-cyclopentyl 1.136 NH-cyclohexyl 1.137 NH-cycloheptyl 1.138 N(CH₃)₂ 1.139 N(C₂H₅)₂ 1.140 NH—CH₂CH═CH₂ 1.141 NH—CH₂C≡CH 1.142 NH—CH₂—CF₃ 1.143 NH—CO—CH₃ 1.144 NH—COC₂H₅ 1.145 NH—CO—OCH₃ 1.146 NH—CO—OC₂H₅ 1.147 NH—COO-tert.-C₄H₉ 1.148 NH-phenyl 1.149 NH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 1.150 NH-(4-F-phenyl) 1.151 NH-(4-OCH₃-phenyl) 1.152 NH-(2,4-Cl₂-phenyl) 1.153 CH₂—OCH₃ 1.154 (CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 1.155 CH₂COOCH₃ 1.156 CH₂COOC₂H₅ 1.157 CH(CH₃)—COOCH 1.158 CH(CH₃)—COOC₂H₃ 1.159 (CH₂)₂—COOCH₃ 1.160 (CH₂)₃—COOCH₃ 1.161 CH(COOH)CH₃ 1.162 CH(COOH)CH₂OH 1.163 CH(COOH)CH(CH₃)—OH 1.164 CH(COOH)CH₂-Phenyl 1.165 CH(COOH)CH₂-4-OH-Phenyl 1.166 CH(COOH) (CH₂)₄—NH₂ 1.167 CH(COOH) (CH₂)₂COOH 1.168 CH(COOH) (CH₂)₂COOH 1.169 CH(COOH)CH₂—CONH₂ 1.170 CH(COOH) (CH₂)₂—CONH₂ 1.171 CH(COOH)CH₂SH 1.172 CH(COOH)CH₂SCH₃ 1.173 CH(COOH)CH₂—CH(COOH)₂ 1.174 CH(COOH)CH₂-imidazol-3-yl 1.175 CH(COOH)CH₂-inden-3-yl

TABLE 2 No. -NR¹R² 2.01 N-Pyrrolidinyl 2.02 N-Piperdinyl 2.03 N-Morpholino 2.04 N-Piperazinyl 2.05 N-Prolinyl 2.06 N-4-Hydroxyprolinyl 2.07 N-Prolinolyl

TABLE 3 No. R³ 3.01 CH₃ 3.02 C₂H₅ 3.03 n-C₃H₇ 3.04 i-C₃H₇ 3.05 n-C₄H₉ 3.06 i-C₄H₉ 3.07 s-C₄H₉ 3.08 tert.-C₄H₉ 3.09 H

TABLE 4 No. R⁴ 4.01 H 4.02 F 4.03 Cl 4.04 Br 4.05 I

TABLE 5 No. R⁵ 5.01 F 5.02 Cl 5.03 Br 5.04 I 5.05 CN 5.06 NO₂ 5.07 CF₃ 5.08 H

TABLE 6 No. R⁵, R⁶ 56.01 —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— 56.02 —O—CH₂—CO—NH— 56.03 —O—CH₂CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.04 —O—CH(CH₃)—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH) 56.05 —O—CH(CH₃)—CO—N(i-C₃H₇)— 56.06 —O—CH₂—CO—N(i-C₃H₇)— 56.07 —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.08 —CH₂—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.09 —O—CO—N(CH₃)— 56.10 —O—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.11 —S—CO—N(CH₃)— 56.12 —S—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.13 —N═CH—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.14 —N═CH—CO—N(CH₃)— 56.15 —N═CH—CO—N(i—C₃H₇) 56.16 —O—(CH₂)₂—C(═N—OCH₃)— 56.17 —O—(CH₂)₂—C(═N—OC₂H₅)— 56.18 —O—CO—CH₂—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.19 —O—CO—CH(CH₃)—N—(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.20 —O—CO—CH₂—N(i-C₃H₇)— 56.21 —O—CO—CH(CH₃—N(i-C₃H₇)— 56.22 —CH═CH—N—(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.23 —CH═CH—N(iC₃H₇)— 56.24 —CH═C(CH₃)—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.25 —C(CH₃)═CH—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.26 —S—C(O—iC₃H₇)═N— 56.27 —S—C(COH₂C≡CH)═N— 56.28 —O—CH₂—CH₂—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.29 —O—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 56.30 —O—CH₂—CH(CF₃)—N (CH₂C≡CH)— 56.31 —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)—

TABLE 7 No. R⁶ 6.1 A-CO—B 6.2 OR⁹ 6.3 C(R¹⁰)═O 6.4 C(R¹⁰)═S 6.5 C(R¹⁰)═N—R¹⁶ 6.6 C(X¹R¹⁷) (X²R¹⁸)R¹⁰ 6.7 P(R¹²) (R¹³)═O 6.8 CHR¹⁰—CHR¹¹—CO—B

TABLE 8 No. A A.1 CH═CH— A.2 —CH═CH—CH₂— A.3 —CH═CCl— A.4 —CH═CBr— A.5 —CH═CI— A.6 —CH═C(CH₃)— A.7 —CH═C(C₂H₅)— A.8 —CH═C(CN)— A.9 —CH═C(COOCH₃)— A.10 —CH═C(COOC₂H₅)— A.11 —CH═C(OCOCH₃)— A.12 —CH═C(COCH₃)— A.13 —C≡C— A.14 —C≡C—CH₂— A.15 —C≡C—CH₂—CH₂— A.16 —C≡C—CH(CH₃)— A.17 —C(CH₃)═CH— A.18 —C(CH₃)═CCl A.19 —C(CH₃)═CBr— A.20 —C(CH₃)═C(CH₃)— A.21 —C(CH₃)═C(CN)— A.22 —CH═CF—

TABLE 9 No. B B.01 H B.02 OH B.03 OCH₃ B.04 OC₂H₅ B.05 O-n-C₃H₇ B.06 O-i-C₃H₇ B.07 O-n-C₄H₉ B.08 O-i-C₄H₉ B.09 O-s-C₄H₉ B.10 O-tert.-C₄H₉ B.11 O-n-C₅H₁₁ B.12 O-n-C₆H₁₃ B.13 O—CH₂CH═CH₂ B.14 O—CH(CH₃)CH═CH₂ B.15 O—CH—CH═CH—CH₂ B.16 O—CH₂—C≡CH B.17 O—CH(CH₃)—C≡CH B.18 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₃ B.19 O-cyclopropyl B.20 O-cyclobutyl B.21 O-cyclopentyl B.22 O-cyclohexyl B.23 O—CH₂—CF₃ B.24 O—CH₂—CCl₃ B.25 O—(CH₂)₃—Br B.26 O-phenyl B.27 O-(2-F-phenyl) B.28 O-(2-Cl-phenyl) B.29 O-(2-Br-phenyl) B.30 O-(3-F-phenyl) B.31 O-(3-Cl-Phenyl) B.32 O-(3-Br-phenyl) B.33 O-(4-F-phenyl) B.34 O-(4-Cl-phenyl) B.35 O-(4-Br-phenyl) B.36 O-(4-OCH₃-phenyl) B.37 O-(4-CN-phenyl) B.38 O-(4-COOCH₃-phenyl) B.39 O-(CH₃-phenyl) B.40 O-(2,4-Cl₂-phenyl) B.41 O-(2,4-(CH₃)₂-phenyl) B.42 O—CH₂CN B.43 O—CH₂CH═CCl₂ B.44 O—CH₂CH═CHCl B.45 O—CH₂OCH₃ B.46 O—CH₂OC₂H₅ B.47 O—C₂H₄OCH₃ B.48 O—C₂H₄OC₂H₅ B.49 O—CH(CH₃)—OCH₃ B.50 O—CH(CH₃)—OC₂H₅ B.51 OCH₂C═NOCH₃ B.52 O—C₂H₄C═NOCH₃ B.53 O—CH₂C═NOC₂H₅ B.54 O—C(O)CH₃ B.55 O—C(O)C₂H₅ B.56 O—C₂H₄C═NOC₂H₅ B.57 SCH₃ B.58 SC₂H₅ B.59 S-n-C₃H₇ B.60 S-i-C₃H₇ B.61 S—CH₂CH═CH₂ B.62 S—CH₂C≡CH B.63 S-phenyl B.64 S—CH₂CN B.65 S—CH₂OCH₃ B.66 CH₃ B.67 C₂H₇ B.68 n-C₃H₇ B.69 i-C₃H₇ B.70 n-C₄H₉ B.71 i-C₄H₉ B.72 s-C₄H₉ B.73 tert.-C₄H₉ B.74 n-C₅H₁₁ B.75 n-C₆H₁₃ B.76 CH₂CH═CH₂ B.77 CH₂C≡CH B.78 CH(CH₃)CH═CH₂ B.79 CH(CH₃C≡CH B.80 CH₂Cl B.81 CH₂Br B.82 CHCl₂ B.83 CF₃ B.84 Cyclopropyl B.85 Cyclobutyl B.86 Cyclopentyl B.87 Cyclohexyl B.88 Phenyl B.89 2-F-phenyl B.90 3-F-phenyl B.91 4-F-phenyl B.92 2-Cl-phenyl B.93 4-Cl-phenyl B.94 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl B.95 CH₂—OCH₃ B.96 CH(OCH₃)₂ B.97 CH₂—SCH₃ B.98 NH₂ B.99 NHCH₃ B.100 NH-n-C₃H₇ B.101 NH-i-C₃H₇ B.102 NH-n-C₄H₉ B.103 N(CH₃)₂ B.104 N(C₂H₅)₂ B.105 N(CH₃)C₂H₅ B.106 N(n-C₃H₇)₂ B.107 NH—CH₂CH═CH₂ B.108 NH—CH(CH₃)—CH═CH₂ B.109 NH—CH₂—C≡CH B.110 NH—CH(CH₃)—C≡CH B.111 N(CH₃)—CH₂CH═CH B.112 N(CH₃)—CH₂C≡CH B.113 NH-cyclopropyl B.114 NH-cyclobutyl B.115 NH-cyclopentyl B.116 NH-cyclohexyl B.117 N(CH₃)-cyclohexyl B.118 N(C₂H₅)-cyclohexyl B.119 NH—COCH₃ B.120 NH—COC₂H₅ B.121 NH—COOCH₃ B.122 NH—CH₂OCH₃ B.123 NH—(CH₂)₂CCH₃ B.124 N-piperindinyl B.125 N-pyrrolidinyl B.126 N-morpholino B.127 N-Piperazinyl B.128 NH-phenyl B.129 NH-(2-CH₃-phenyl) B.130 NH-(2-F-phenyl) B.131 NH-(4-F-phenyl) B.132 NH-(2-Cl-phenyl) B.133 NH-(4-Cl-phenyl) B.134 NH-(2,4-Cl₂-phenyl) B.135 O—CO—OCH₃ B.136 O—CO—OC₂H₅ B.137 O—CH₂—COOCH₃ B.138 O—CH(CH₃)—COOCH₃

TABLE 10 No. R⁹ 9.01 CH₂CN 9.02 CH(CH₃)—CN 9.03 (CH₂)₂—CN 9.04 (CH₂)₃—CN 9.05 (CH₂)₄—CN 9.06 CH₂OCH₃ 9.07 (CH₂)₂OCH₃ 9.08 (CH₂)₂OC₂H₅ 9.09 CH₂OC₂H₅ 9.10 CH₂CH₂Cl 9.11 CH₂Cl 9.12 CCl₃ 9.13 CF₃ 9.14 CH₂CCl═CH 9.15 CH₂CH═CHCl 9.16 CH₂CH═CCl₂ 9.17 CH₂-furan-2-yl 9.18 CH₂-furan-3-yl 9.19 CH₂-thien-2-yl 9.20 CH₂-thien-3-yl 9.21 CH₂-pryrid-2-yl 9.22 CH₂-pyrid-3-yl 9.23 CH₂-pyrid-4-yl 9.24 CH₂-pyrrol-2-yl 9.25 CH₂-pyrrol-3-yl 9.26 CH₂-pyrimidin-2-yl 9.27 CH₂-pyrimidin-4-yl 9.28 CH₂-pyrimidin-5-yl 9.29 CH₂-pyrimidin-6-yl 9.30 CH₂-pyridazin-3-yl 9.31 CH₂-pyridazin-4-yl 9.32 CH₂-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl 9.33 CH₂-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 9.34 CH₂-(2H)tetrahydropyran-2-yl 9.35 CH₂-(2H)tetrahydropyran-3-yl 9.36 CH₂-(2H)tetrahydropyran-4-yl 9.37 CH₂-pyrrolidin-2-yl 9.38 CH₂-pyrrolidin-3-yl 9.39 CH₂-piperdin-2-yl 9.40 CH₂-piperdin-3-yl 9.41 CH₂-piperdin-4-yl 9.42 CH₂-pyrazin-2-yl 9.43 CH₂-oxazol-2-yl 9.44 CH₂-oxazol-4-yl 9.45 CH₂-oxazol-5-yl 9.46 CH₂-isoxazol-3-yl 9.47 CH₂-isoxazol-4-yl 9.48 CH₂-isoxazol-5-yl 9.49 CH₂-pyrrazol-3-yl 9.50 CH₂-pyrrazol-4-yl 9.51 CH₂-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl 9.52 CH₂-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl 9.53 CH₂-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl 9.54 CH₂-1,3,4-oxadiazol-5-yl 9.55 CH₂-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl 9.56 CH₂-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl 9.57 CH₂-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl 9.58 CH₂-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl 9.59 CH₂-5,6-(2H)-dihydropyran-2-yl 9.60 CH₂-5,6-(2H)-dihydropyran-3-yl 9.61 CH₂-5,6-(2H)-dihydropyran-4-yl 9.62 CH₂-5,6-(2H)-dihydropyran-5-yl 9.63 CH₂-5,6-(2H)-dihydropyran-6-yl 9.64 CH₂-3,4-(2H)-dihydropyran-2-yl 9.65 CH₂-3,4-(2H)-dihydropyran-3-yl 9.66 CH₂-3,4-(2H)-dihydropyran-4-yl 9.67 CH₂-3,4-(2H)-dihydropyran-5-yl 9.68 CH₂-3,4-(2H)-dihydropyran-6-yl 9.69 CH₂-phenyl 9.70 CH₂-(2-Cl-phenyl) 9.71 CH₂-(3-Cl-phenyl) 9.72 CH₂-(4-Cl-phenyl) 9.73 CH₂-(2-F-phenyl) 9.74 CH₂-(3-F-phenyl) 9.75 CH₂-(4-F-phenyl) 9.76 CH₂-(2-CF₃-phenyl) 9.77 CH₂-(3-CF₃-phenyl) 9.78 CH₂-(4-CF₃-phenyl) 9.79 CH₂-(2-CH₃-phenyl) 9.80 CH₂-(4-CH₃-phenyl) 9.81 CH(CH₃)—COOCH₃ 9.82 CH(CH₃)—COOC₂H₃ 9.83 CH (CH₃)—COO-isopropyl 9.84 CH₂—COO-isopropyl 9.85 (CH₂)₂—COOCH₃ 9.86 (CH₂)₂-COO-isopropyl 9.87 CH₂—COOCH₂—OCH₃ 9.88 CH₂—COO(CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 9.89 CH(CH₃)—COOCH₂—OCH₃ 9.90 CH(CH₃)—COO(CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 9.91 CH₂C═N——OCH₃ 9.92 CH₂C═N—OC₂H₅ 9 93 (CH₂)₂C═N—OCH₃ 9.94 (CH₂)₂C═N—OC₂H₅ 9.95 CH(CH₃)C═N—OCH₃ 9.96 CH(CH₃)C═N—OC₂H₅ 9.97 CH₂-(2H)-tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl 9.98 CH₂-(2H)-tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl 9.99 CH₂-(2H)-tetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl 9.100 5,6-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-2-yl 9.101 5,6-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-3-yl 9.102 5,6-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-4-yl 9.103 5,6-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-5-yl 9.104 5,6-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-6-yl 9.105 3,4-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-2-yl 9.106 3,4-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-3-yl 9.107 3,4-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-4-yl 9.108 3,4-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-5-yl 9.109 3,4-(2H)-dihydrothiopyran-6-yl

TABLE 11 Nr. R¹⁰ 10.01 H 10.02 CH₃ 10.03 C₂H₅ 10.04 n-C₃H₇ 10.05 i-C₃H₇ 10.06 n-C₄H₉ 10.07 i-C₄H₉ 10.08 s-C₄H₉ 10.09 tert.-C₄H₉ 10.10 n-C₅H₁₁ 10.11 n-C₆H₁₃ 10.12 CH₂—CH═CH₂ 10.13 CH₂—C≡CH 10.14 CF₃ 10.15 CCl₃ 10.16 Cyclopropyl 10.17 Cyclobutyl 10.18 Cyclopentyl 10.19 Cyclohexyl 10.20 CN 10.21 CO—OCH₃ 10.22 CO—OC₂H₅

TABLE 12 Nr. R¹¹ 11.01 F 11.02 Cl 11.03 Br 11.04 I 11.05 CF₃ 11.06 OH 11.07 OCOCH₃ 11.08 OCOC₂H₅

TABLE 13 No. R¹²,R¹³ 12.01 OCH₃ 12.02 OC₂H₅ 12.03 O-iC₃H₇ 12.04 O-nC₃H₇ 12.05 O-nC₄H₉ 12.06 O-iC₄H₉ 12.07 O-sC₄H₉ 12.08 O-tC₄H₉ 12.09 Phenyl 12.10 2-Cl-phenyl 12.11 3-Cl-phenyl 12.12 2-F-phenyl 12.13 3-F-phenyl 12.14 4-F-phenyl 12.15 4-NO₂-phenyl 12.16 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl 12.17 2-F,4-CN-phenyl

TABLE 14 No. R¹⁶ 16.01 H 16.02 CH₃ 16.03 C₂H₅ 16.04 n-C₃H₇ 16.05 i-C₃H₇ 16.06 n-C₄H₉ 16.07 n-C₅H₁₁ 16.08 n-C₆H₁₃ 16.09 CH₂CH═CH₂ 16.10 CH(CH₃)—CH═CH₂ 16.11 CH₂—CH═CH—CH₂ 16.12 CH₂—C≡CH 16.13 CH(CH₃)—C≡CH 16.14 CH₂—C≡C—CH₃ 16.15 Cyclopropyl 16.16 Cyclobutyl 16.17 Cyclopentyl 16.18 Cyclohexyl 16.19 Cycloheptyl 16.20 (CH₂)₂Cl 16.21 CH₂Cl 16.22 Phenyl 16.23 2-F-phenyl 16.24 3-F-phenyl 16.25 4-F-phenyl 16.26 2-Cl-phenyl 16.27 3-Cl-phenyl 16.28 4-Cl-phenyl 16.29 2-Br-phenyl 16.30 3-Br-phenyl 16.31 4-Br-phenyl 16.32 2-CH₃-phenyl 16.33 3-CH₃-phenyl 16.34 4-CH₃-phenyl 16.35 2-CF₃-phenyl 16.36 3-CF₃-phenyl 16.37 4-CF₃-phenyl 16.38 2-OCH₃-phenyl 16.39 3-OCH₃-phenyl 16.40 4-OCH₃-phenyl 16.41 4-NO₂-phenyl 16.42 4-CN-phenyl 16.43 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl 16.44 2,4-(CH₃)₂-phenyl 16.45 CH₂—OCH₃ 16.46 (CH₂)₂—OC₂H₅ 16.47 OH 16.48 OCH₂COOCH₃ 16.49 OCH₂COOC₂H₅ 16.50 OCH₂COOiPr 16.51 OCH₂COOtBu 16.52 O—CH₂CH═CH₂ 16.53 O—CH(CH₃)CH═CH₂ 16.54 O—CH₂C≡CH 16.55 O—CH(CH₃)—C≡CH 16.56 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₃ 16.57 O—CH₂—CH═CH—CH₃ 16.58 O-cyclopentyl 16.59 O-cyclohexyl 16.60 O-cyclopent-3-enyl 16.61 O-cyclohex-3-enyl 16.62 O—(CH₂)₂—Cl 16.63 O—(CH₂)₂—Cl 16.64 O—(CH₂)—F 16.65 O—CH₂—CF₃ 16.66 O—(CH₂)₂—Br 16.67 O—CH₂—CH═CHCl 16.68 O—CH₂—C(Cl)═CH₂ 16.69 O—CH₂—C(Br)═CH₂ 16.70 O—CH₂—CH═C(Cl)—CH₃ 16.71 O—CH₂—C(Cl)═CCl₂ 16.72 O—CH₂-cyclopropyl 16.73 O—CH₂-cyclobutyl 16.74 O—CH₂-cyclopentyl 16.75 O—CH₂-cyclohexyl 16.76 O—CH₂-cycloheptyl 16.77 O—CO—CH₃ 16.78 O—CO—C₂H₅ 16.79 O—CH₂—CN 16.80 O—(CH₂)3-CN 16.81 O—CH₂—OCH₃ 16.82 O—CH₂—OC₂H₅ 16.83 O—(CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 16.84 O—(CH₂)₂—OC₂H₅ 16.85 O—(CH₂)₃—OC₂H₅ 16.86 O—(CH₂)₂—CO—OCH₃ 16.87 O—(CH₂)₂—CO—OC₂H₅ 16.88 O—C(CH₃)—CO—OCH₃ 16.89 O—C(CH₃)—CO—OC₂H₅ 16.90 O—(CH₂)₂—OH 16.91 O—CH₂—SCH₃ 16.92 O—(CH₂)₂—N(CH₃)₂ 16.93 O—(CH₂)₂—N(C₂H₅)₂ 16.94 O—CH₂-phenyl 16.95 O—(CH₂)₂-phenyl 16.96 O—(CH₂)₃-phenyl 16.97 O—(CH₂)₄-phenyl 16.98 O—(CH₂)₄-(4-Cl-phenyl) 16.99 O—(CH₂)₄-(4-CH₃—phenyl 16.100 O—(CH₂)₄-(4-CH₃-phenyl) 16.101 O—(CH₂)4-(4-F-phenyl) 16.102 O—CH₂CH═CH-phenyl 16.103 O—CH₂CH═CH-(4-F-phenyl) 16.104 O—CH₂CH═CH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 16.105 O—CH₂CH═CH-(3-OCH₃-phenyl) 16.106 O—(CH₂)₂-CH═CH-(4-F-phenyl) 16.107 O—(CH₂)₂-CH═CH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 16.108 O—(CH₂)—CH═CH-(3,4-Cl₂-phenyl) 16.109 O—CH₂—CH═C(CH₃)-(4-F-phenyl) 16.110 O—CH₂—C═C—CH₂-phenyl 16.111 O—(CH₂)₂—O-phenyl 16.112 O—(CH₂)₂-OCH₂-phenyl 16.113 O—(CH₂)₂—OCH₂-(4-F-phenyl) 16.114 O—CH₂CH═CH—CH₂—O-phenyl 16.115 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₂—O-phenyl 16.116 O—CH₂—C≡C—CH₂—O-(4-F-phenyl) 16.117 O—(CH₂)₂-SCH₂-phenyl 16.118 O—(CH₂)₂—SCH₂-(4-Cl-phenyl) 16.119 O—(CH₂)₂—N(CH₃)—CH₂-phenyl 16.120 NH₂ 16.121 NH—CH₃ 16.122 NH—C₂H₅ 16.123 NH-n-C₃H₇ 16.124 NH-i-C₃H₇ 16.125 NH-n-C₄H₉ 16.126 NH-i-C₄H₉ 16.127 NH-s-C₄H₉ 16.128 NH-tert.-C₄H₉ 16.129 NH-cyclopropyl 16.130 NH-cyclobutyl 16.131 NH-cyclopentyl 16.132 NH-cyclohexyl 16.133 NH-cycloheptyl 16.134 N(CH₃)₂ 16.135 N(C₂H₅)₂ 16.136 NH—CH₂CH═CH₂ 16.137 NH—CH₂C≡CH 16.138 NH—CH₂—CF₃ 16.139 NH—CO—CH₃ 16.140 NH—COC₂H₅ 16.141 NH—CO—OCH₃ 16.142 NH—CO—OC₂H₅ 16.143 NH—COO-tert.-C₄H₉ 16.144 N-Pyrrolidinyl 16.145 N-Piperdinyl 16.146 N-Morpholino 16.147 N-Piperazinyl 16.148 NH-phenyl 16.149 NH-(4-Cl-phenyl) 16.150 NH-(4-F-phenyl) 16.151 NH-(4-OCH₃-phenyl) 16.152 NH-(2,4-Cl₂-phenyl) 16.153 CH₂—OCH₃ 16.154 (CH₂)₂—OCH₃ 16.155 OCH₃ 16.156 O₂H₅ 16.157 O-n-C₃H₇ 16.158 O-i-C₃H₇ 16.159 O-n-C₄H₉ 16.160 O-i-C₄H₉ 16.161 O-i-C₄H₉ 16.162 tert.C₄H₉

TABLE 15 No. R¹⁴,R¹⁵ 14.01 CH₃ 14.02 C₂H₅ 14.03 n-C₃H₇ 14.04 i-C₃H₇ 14.05 n-C₄H₉ 14.06 i-C₄H₉ 14.07 s-C₄H₉ 14.08 tert.-C₄H₉ 14.09 n-C₅H₁₁ 14.10 n-C₆H₁₃ 14.11 CH₂CH═CH₂ 14.12 CH(CH₃)—CH═CH₂ 14.13 CH₂C≡CH 14.14 CH(CH₃)C≡CH 14.15 CH₂OCH₃ 14.16 C₂H₅OCH₃ 14.17 C₂H₅OC₂H₅

TABLE 16 No. R¹⁴, R¹⁵ 15.01 —(CH₂)₂— 15.02 —CH(CH₃)—CH₂— 15.03 —CH(C₂H₅)—CH₂— 15.04 —CH(CH₃)—CH—(CH₃)— 15.05 —C(CH₃)₂—CH₂— 15.06 —CH(CH═CH₂)—CH₂— 15.07 —CH (CH₂Cl)—CH₂— 15.08 —CH(CH₂Br)—CH₂— 15.09 —CH(CH₂OH)—CH₂— 15.10 —CH(CH₂OCH₃)—CH₂— 15.11 —CH(CH₂OC₂H₅)—CH₂— 15.12 —CH(CH₂OCH₂CH═CH₂)—CH₂— 15.13 —CH(CH₂OCH₂C≡CH)—CH₂— 15.14 —CH(COOH)—CH₂— 15.15 —CH(COOCH₃)—CH₂— 15.16 —CH(COOC₂H₅)—CH₂— 15.17 —CH(COO-n-C₃H₇)—CH₂— 15.18 —CH(COO—i-C₃H₇)—CH₂— 15.19 —CH(COO-n-C₄H₉)—CH₂— 15.20 —CH(COO-n-C₅H₁₁)—CH₂— 15.21 —CH(COO-n-C₆H₁₃)—CH₂- 15.22 —(CH₂)₃— 15.23 —CH(CH₃)—(CH₂)₂— 15.24 —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—CH— 15.25 —CH(C₂H₅)—(CH₂)₂— 15.26 —CH₂—CH(C₂H₅)—CH₂— 15.27 —CH(CH₃)—CH₂—CH(CH₃)— 15.28 —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂—CH₂— 15.29 —CH(CH₂OH)—(CH₂)₂— 15.30 —CH₂—CH(CH₂OH)—CH₂— 15.31 —CH(CH₂OCH₃)—CH₂)₂— 15.32 —CH(CH₂OCH₂CH═CH₂)—(CH₂)₂— 15.33 —CH(CH₂O—CO—CH₃)—CH₂— 15.34 —CH(CH₂OCH₂C≡CH)—CH₂)₂— 15.35 —CH(CH₂OC(O)CH₃)—(CH₂)₂— 15.36 —CH₂—CH(CH₂OCH₃)—CH₂— 15.37 —CH₂—CH(CH₂OCH₂CH═CH₂)—CH₂— 15.38 —CH₂—CH(CH₂OCH₂C≡CH)—CH₂— 15.39 —CH₂—CH(CH₂OC(O)CH₃)—CH₂— 15.40 —CH(CH₂Cl)—(CH₂)₂ 15.41 —CH₂—CH(CH₂CI)—CH₂— 15.42 —C(CH₃)—(COOCH₃)—CH₂— 15.43 —C(CH₃)—(COOC₂H₅)—CH₂— 15.44 —C(CH₃)(COO-n-C₃H₇)—CH₂— 15.45 —C(CH₃)(COO-n-C₄H₅)—CH₂— 15.46 —CH(CH₂CN)—CH₂— 15.47 —CH(CH₂CN)—CH₂)₂— 15.48 —CH₂—CH(CH₂CN)—CH₂— 15.49 —CH₂—O—CH₂— 15.50 —CH₂—NH—CH₂— 15.51 —CH₂—N(CH₃)—CH₂— 15.52 —(CH₂)₄— 15.53 —CH₂—CH═CH—CH₂— 15.54 —CH₂—O—(CH₂)₂— 15.55 —CO—CH₂— 15.56 —CO—(CH₂)₂— 15.57 —CH₂—CO—CH₂— 15.58 —CO—C(CH₃)₂— 15.59 —CO—O—CH₂— 15.60 —CH₂—S—CH₂— 15.61 —CH(CH₂O—CO—CH₃)—CH₂—

With regard to the herbicidal use, particularly preferred compounds are shown below in Tables 17-21:

TABLE 17 Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives having the structure Ib where R⁵ is Cl Ib

No. R³ R⁴ R⁶ Ib.001 H H CH═CH—CN Ib.002 H H CH—CHCl—COOCH₃ Ib.003 H H CH—CHCl—COOC₂H₅ Ib.004 H H CH₂—CHBr—COOCH₃ Ib.005 H H CH₂—CHBr—COOC₂H₅ Ib.006 H H CH═CH—COOCH₃ Ib.007 H H CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ Ib.008 H H CH═CH—COOi-C₃H₇ Ib.009 H H CH═CCl—COOCH₃ Ib.010 H H CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ Ib.011 H H CH═CBr—COOCH₃ Ib.012 H H CH═CBr—COOC₂H₅ Ib.013 H H CH═C(CN)—COOCH₃ Ib.014 H H 4-Methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl Ib.015 H H 1,3-Dithiolan-2-yl Ib.016 H H 1,3-Dioxolan-2-yl Ib.017 H H 1,3-Dioxan-2-yl Ib.018 H H 4-Methyl-4-n-Butoxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl Ib.019 H H O—CH₂-3-Tetrahydropyranyl Ib.020 H H O—CH₂-2-Tetrahydrofuranyl Ib.021 H H CH═NOCH₂C═CH₂ Ib.022 H H CH═NOCH₂COOCH₃ Ib.023 H H CH═NOCH(CH₃)—COOCH₃ Ib.024 H H CH═C(CH₃)—COOCH₃

Furthermore, the following cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ib (R⁵=Cl) are particularly preferred:

compounds No. Ib.101 to Ib.124, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. Ib.001 to Ib.024 in that R⁴ in each case is fluorine;

compounds No. Ib.201 to Ib.224, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. Ib.001 to Ib.024 in that R³ in each case is methyl;

compounds No. Ib.301 to Ib.324, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. Ib.001 to Ib.024 in that in each case R³ is methyl and R⁴ is fluorine.

TABLE 18 Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives having the structure Ib Ib

No. R³ R⁴ —(R⁵ + R⁶)— Ib.051 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.052 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂—C≡CH)— Ib.053 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂-Tetrahydropyran-3-yl)- Ib.054 H H —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.055 H H —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— Ib.056 H H —CH₂—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.057 H H —CH₂—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— Ib.058 H H —O—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.059 H H —S—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.060 H H —CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— Ib.061 H H —O—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— Ib.062 H H —S—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— Ib.063 H H —CH₃—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)—

Furthermore, the following cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ib are particularly preferred:

compounds No. Ib.151 to Ib.163 which correspond to the abovementioned compounds No. Ib.051 to Ib.063 in which however R⁴ in each case is fluorine;

compounds No. Ib.251 to Ib.263 which correspond to the abovementioned compounds No. Ib.051 to Ib.063 in which however R³ in each case is methyl;

compounds No. Ib.351 to Ib.363 which correspond to the abovementioned compounds No. Ib.051 to Ib.063 in which however R³ in each case is methyl and R⁴ is fluorine.

TABLE 19 VIIIa

No. R³ R⁴ R⁶″ VIIIa.001 H H CH₂—CHCl—COOCH₃ VIIIa.002 H H CH₂—CHBr—COOCH₃ VIIIa.003 H H CH₂—CHCl—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.004 H H CH₂—CHBr—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.005 H H CH═CH—COOCH₃ VIIIa.006 H H CH═C(CH₃)—COOCH₃ VIIIa.007 H H CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.008 H H CH═C(CH₃)—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.009 H H CH═CCl—COOCH₃ VIIIa.010 H H CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.011 H H CH═CBr—COOCH₃ VIIIa.012 H H CH═CBr—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.013 H H CH═C(CN)—COOCH₃ VIIIa.014 H H CH═C(CN)—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.015 H H CH═CH—COOH VIIIa.016 H H CH═C(CH₃)—COOH VIIIa.017 H H O—CH₂—CN VIIIa.018 H H O—CH₂-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl) VIIIa.019 H H O—C(CH₃)—COOCH₃ VIIIa.020 H H O—C(CH₃)—COOC₂H₅ VIIIa.021 H H O—CH₂-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) VIIIa.022 H H O—CH₂-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) VIIIa.023 H H O—CH₂-(tetrahyrdopyran-2-yl) VIIIa.024 H H O—CH₂-(tetrahydropyran-3-yl) VIIIa.025 H H 1,3-diaxolan-2-yl VIIIa.026 H H 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl VIIIa.027 H H 4-methyl-4-butoxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl VIIIa.028 H H 1,3-dioxan-2-yl VIIIa.029 H H 4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl VIIIa.030 H H CH═N—OCH₂CH═CH₂ VIIIa.031 H H CH═N—OCH₂COOCH₃ VIIIa.032 H H CH═N—OCH(CH₃)—COOCH₃ VIIIa.033 H H CH═C(CH₃)—CONH(nC₃H₇) VIIIa.034 H H CH═C(CH₃)—CONH(iC₃H₇) VIIIa.035 H H CH═CCl—COOH VIIIa.036 H H CH═CBr—COOH

Furthermore, the following tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa (R²⁰=H) are particularly preferred:

compounds No. VIIIa.101 to VIIIa.136, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.001 to VIIIa.036 in that R⁴ in each case is fluorine;

compounds No. VIIIa.201 to VIIIa.236, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.001 to VIIIa.036 in that R³ in each case is methyl;

compounds No. VIIIa.301 to VIIIa.336, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.001 to VIIIa.036 in that in each case R³ is methyl and R⁴ is fluorine.

TABLE 20 VIIIa

No. R³ R⁴ —(R⁵ + R⁶″)— VIIIa.051 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.052 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂—C≡CH)— VIIIa.053 H H —O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂-tetrahydropyran-3-yl)- VIIIa.054 H H —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.055 H H —S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— VIIIa.056 H H —CH₂—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.057 H H —CH₂—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— VIIIa.058 H H —O—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.059 H H —S—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.060 H H —CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— VIIIa.061 H H —O—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— VIIIa.062 H H —S—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— VIIIa.063 H H —CH₃—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)—

Furthermore, the following tetrahydrophthalic esters VIIIa (R²⁰=H) are particularly preferred:

compounds No. VIIIa.151 to VIIIa.163, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.051 to VIIIa.063 in that R⁴ in each case is fluorine;

compounds No. VIIIa.251 to VIIIa.263, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.051 to VIIIa.063 in that R³ in each case is methyl;

compounds No. VIIIa.351 to VIIIa.363, which differ from the corresponding compounds No. VIIIa.051 to VIIIa.063 in that in each case R³ is methyl and R⁴ is fluorine.

TABLE 21 Tetrahydroisophthalimides having the structure IIIa where R³ and R⁴ are each H IIIa

No. R⁶′ IIIa.001 CH═CH—CN IIIa.002 CH—CHCl—COOCH₃ IIIa.003 CH—CHCl—COOC₂H₅ IIIa.004 CH₂—CHBr—COOCH₃ IIIa.005 CH₂—CHBr—COOC₂H₅ IIIa.006 CH═CH—COOCH₃ IIIa.007 CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ IIIa.008 CH═CH—COOi-C₃H₇ IIIa.009 CH═CCl—COOCH₃ IIIa.010 CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ IIIa.011 CH═CBr—COOCH₃ IIIa.012 CH═CBr—COOC₂H₅ IIIa.013 CH═C(CN)—COOCH₃ IIIa.014 4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl IIIa.015 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl IIIa.016 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl IIIa.017 1,3-dioxan-2-yl IIIa.018 4-Methyl-4-n-Butoxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl IIIa.019 O—CH₂-3-tetrahydropyranyl IIIa.020 O—CH₂-2-tetrahydrofuranyl IIIa.021 CH═NOCH₂C═CH₂ IIIa.022 CH═NOCH₂COOCH₃ IIIa.023 CH═NOCH(CH₃)—COOCH₃ IIIa.024 CH═C(CH₃)—COOCH₃

Furthermore, the tetrahydroisophthalimides No. IIIa.001 to III.024 which correspond to compounds No. IIIa.001 to III.024 and in which R⁴ in each case is fluorine are particularly preferred.

The substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia are obtainable by various methods, preferably by one of the following processes:

a) Ring cleavage of a substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula II or of a 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroisophthalimide of the formula III with an amine, hydroxylamine or hydrazine IV:

As a rule, the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent or diluent, for example in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene, in a halohydrocarbon, such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene, in an aliphatic or cyclic ether, such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in an inert polar, organic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile, in an alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol or diethylene glycol, in acetone, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, nitrobenzene or water or in a mixture of the stated solvents.

However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction in the absence of a solvent, in an excess of IV.

Depending on the starting materials used, the presence of a catalytic amount of a catalyst, for example of a Bronstedt acid, such as hydrogen chloride, or of a Lewis acid, such as aluminum trichloride or boron trifluoride, may increase the reaction rate.

The compounds of the formula IV can be used as free amine bases or in the form of their ammonium, hydroxylammonium or hydrazinium salts, salts with anions which are inert under the reaction conditions being suitable. Examples of suitable salts are those of the compounds IV with inorganic mineral acids, such as hydrohalic acids, in particular hydrochloric acid and hydrobromic acid, and sulfuric acid and nitric acid, or with organic acids, such as oxalic acid and acetic acid.

The ratios can usually be varied within wide ranges. In general, however, the amount of IV is from 10 mol % to a 10-fold molar excess, based on II or III. For the maximum possible conversion of II or III, at least equimolar amounts of IV are required. The relatively large excess of IV is present in particular when the compound simultaneously serves as reactant and solvent.

The reaction is usually carried out at from −40° C. to the boiling point of the reaction mixture, preferably from −20 to 40° C.

The reaction is not noticeably dependent on the pressure. It is therefore advantageously carried out at atmospheric pressure or under the autogenous pressure of the particular solvent.

b) Reaction of a substituted aniline of the formula V with a tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula VI or with a tetrahydroisophthalimide of the formula VII to give compounds I (R¹=hydrogen):

The amines V can be used as free amine bases or in the form of their ammonium salts, salts with anions which are inert under the reaction conditions being suitable. Examples of suitable salts are those of the compounds V with inorganic mineral acids, such as hydrohalic acids, in particular hydrochloric acid and hydrobromic acid, and sulfuric acid and nitric acid, or with organic acids, such as oxalic acid and acetic acid.

The reaction is carried out in an inert solvent or diluent or in an excess of V, and the presence of a catalyst may be advantageous.

Regarding the solvent, the catalyst, the ratios, the temperature and the pressure, the statements made for method (a) are applicable.

c) Condensation of a tetrahdyrophthalamic acid or of a tetrahydrophthalamic ester VIII (R²⁰=hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical) with a primary amine IV (R¹=H) in a conventional manner (cf. for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume E5/2, 1985, pages 941 et seq. and 983 et seq.):

d) Reaction of tetrahydrophthalmic acid derivatives Ia (R¹=H) with electrophiles R¹-Y in the presence of a base:

Y is a reactive substituent which ensures that R¹ acts as an electrophile on the nitrogen atom of an amido group. Particularly suitable radicals Y are halogen atoms, such as chlorine or bromine, or alkyl- or haloalkylsulfonyloxy groups.

The reaction is carried out in a conventional manner (cf. for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume E 5/2, 1985, page 998 et seq.).

In addition to the stated methods of synthesis, it may be advantageous, depending on the particular substituents, to prepare the desired compound I from another substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivative Ia:

e) Oxidation of substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxamides I, in which R¹ is C₁-C₄-alkylthio-C₁-C₄-alkyl, to give substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxamides of the formula I, where R¹ is C₁-C₄-alkylsulfinyl-C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl-C₁-C₄-alkyl.

The oxidation is carried out in a conventional manner (cf. for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume 11/1, 4th Edition 1957, page 702 et seq., and Volume 11/2, 4th Edition 1958, page 1094 et seq.), m-chloroperbenzoic acid and hydrogen peroxide being particularly suitable oxidizing agents.

f) Acylation of a substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivative Ia, where R¹ is C₁-C₄-hydroxyalkyl, with an acylating agent, such as acetyl chloride, to give a substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivative Ia, where R¹ is C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyloxy-C₁-C₄-alkyl.

The reaction is carried out in a conventional manner (cf. for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume E 5/2, 1985, page 1126).

The substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ib are likewise obtainable by various methods, preferably by one of the following processes:

g) Dehydration of a substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxamide of the formula Ia, where R¹ and R² are each H, with a suitable dehydrating agent:

As a rule, the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent or diluent, for example in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene or o-, m- or p-xylene, in a halohydrocarbon, such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene, in an aliphatic or cyclic ether, such as diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in an inert polar, organic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile, or in an organic nitrogen base, eg. pyridine or triethylamine.

Particularly suitable dehydrating agents are cyanuric chloride, chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride pyridine, thionyl chloride or particularly preferably trifluoroacetic anhydride. Other dehydrating agents which are also suitable are described, for example, in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Synthese, Vol. E5, page 1356 et seq. and Vol. VIII, page 300 et seq. and in the literature cited there.

The reaction is usually carried out at from −40 to 120° C., preferably from −20° C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent used.

The reaction is not noticeably dependent on the pressure. It is therefore advantageously carried out at atmospheric pressure or under the autogenous pressure of the particular solvent.

h) Reaction of an acyl chloride of the formula IX with an aniline of the formula V

The conditions under which such a reaction is carried out are generally known and are described, for example, in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, Vol. VIII, page 655; Vol. XI/2, page 10 et seq.; Vol. E5, 5972 et seq.

Regarding the preparation of the acyl chlorides IX, reference may be made to Tetrahedron 32 (1976), 2379 et seq. and La Chimica e L'Industria 40 (1958), 887-995, and the literature cited there.

i) Reactions at the radicals R⁵ and R⁶ in the formulae Ia and Ib

Ester hydrolysis, amidation, esterification, transesterification, etherification, ether cleavage, olefination, reduction, oxidation or halogen or cyano exchange may be mentioned by way of example.

The reaction conditions are generally known and are described in standard chemical works, such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, or R. C. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transforamtions, VCH Publishers, New York 1989.

The substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides of the formula IIa

where R⁶′″ is one of the following heterocycles: tetrahydropyran-2-yl, tetrahydropyran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, thien-3-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, furan-3-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl, thiazolidin-2-yl,

and these heterocycles may carry one of the following substituents on each substitutable ring member: nitro, amino, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₂-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, are novel.

The compounds II are prepared in general by condensation of the compounds XI with tetrahydrophthalic anhydrides XII. The presence of a protic acid, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or benzenesulfonic acid, may be advantageous here:

The condensation is advantageously carried out in an inert organic solvent, for example lower alkanoic acid, such as acetic acid, propionic acid and isobutyric acid, alkanoates, such as ethyl acetate, relatively high-boiling hydrocarbons, such as toluene and xylene, amides, such as dimethylformamide, or mixtures of the stated solvents being suitable.

When an aprotic solvent is used, it is advisable to remove the resulting water of reaction continuously.

For the maximum possible conversion, at least equimolar amounts of XI or XII are required. A small excess of one of the two components, up to about 10 mol %, is preferably used.

The reaction temperature is preferably from 0° C. to the boiling point of the particular reaction mixture, in particular from 20 to 140° C.

The reaction is usually carried out at atmospheric pressure or under the autogenous pressure of the particular solvent. Higher or lower pressure is possible but generally has no advantage.

The aniline derivatives XI are in turn obtainable from compounds X by conventional reduction (cf. for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Volume XI/1, 4th Edition 1957, page 341 et seq.).

Examples of suitable reducing agents are elemental metals, such as iron, hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst, preferably commercial noble metal catalysts, such as platinum on active carbon and Raney nickel, or complex metal hydrides, eg. sodium borohydride, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, preferably of a commercial noble metal catalyst (cf. for example T. Neilson et al., J. Chem. Soc. (1962), 371 and the literature cited there.

The reduced products XI can also be subjected to the condensation with XII without isolation.

Further intermediates II required for the synthesis of the compounds Ia are either known or can be prepared by methods known per se. For example, reference may be made to the following publications:

DE-A 36 03 789, DE-A 36 07 300, DE-A 37 41 237, EP-A 049 508, EP-A 083 055, EP-A 170 191, EP-A 177 032, EP-A 188 259, EP-A 207 894, EP-A 211 805, EP-A 218 972, EP-A 263 299, EP-A 271 170, EP-A 275 131, EP-A 288 960, EP-A 290 863, EP-A 296 416, EP-A 300 307, EP-A 300 387, EP-A 300 398, EP-A 313 963, EP-A 398 115, EP-A 400 427, U.S. Pat. No. 4,332,944, U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,065, JO 57/056 403, JO 59/082 360, JO 59/095 203, JO 59/155 358, JO 59/181 256, JO 60/152 465, JO 60/246 367, JO 61/027 962, JO 61/165 383, JO 61/174 970, JO 61/280 471, JO 62/114 961, JO 63/267 779, JO 63/275 580, JO 01/034 892, JO 01/047 784 and JO 01/066 182.

The present invention furthermore relates to novel substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides of the general formula IIb

It is known that substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides can be used as herbicides (cf. DE-A 36 03 789, EP-A 300 398) or as desiccants and defoliants (cf. DE-A 39 05 916). However, their action is unsatisfactory.

Accordingly, the 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides defined above and of the general formula IIb have been found.

Herbicides and defoliants or desiccants which contain these substances IIb have also been found.

The substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides of the formula IIb may be present in the form of their environmentally compatible salts, suitable salts being in general the salts of bases which do not adversely affect the herbicidal action of IIb.

Particularly suitable basic salts are those of the alkali metals, preferably sodium salts and potassium salts, those of the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium salts and magnesium salts, and those of the transition metals, preferably zinc salts and iron salts, and the ammonium salts which may carry from one to three C₁-C₄-alkyl or hydroxy-C₁-C₄-alkyl substituents and/or one phenyl or benzyl substituent, preferably diisopropylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, trimethylbenzylammonium and trimethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium salts and the phosphonium, sulfonium and sulfoxonium salts.

The compounds of the formula IIb may contain a center of chirality and are then in the form of enantiomer mixtures. The invention relates both to the pure enantiomers and to the mixtures thereof.

With regard to the use of the novel substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides of the formula IIb as herbicidal compounds and/or compounds having a defoliant/desiccant action, particularly preferred compounds are shown in Table 22 below:

TABLE 22

R³* R⁴* R⁵″ R²² R²³ H H Cl Cl CH₃ H F Cl Cl CH₃ CH₃ H Cl Cl CH₃ CH₃ F Cl Cl CH₃ H H Cl Br CH₃ H F Cl Br CH₃ CH₃ H Cl Br CH₃ CH₃ F Cl Br CH₃ H H Cl Cl C₂H₅ H F Cl Cl C₂H₅ CH₃ H Cl Cl C₂H₅ CH₃ F Cl Cl C₂H₅ H H Cl Br C₂H₅ H F Cl Br C₂H₅ CH₃ H Cl Br C₂H₅ CH₃ F Cl Br C₂H₅

The compounds of the formula IIb are obtainable in various ways similarly to known reaction methods. Some processes are described below by way of example:

Process A

Compounds of the formula IIb are obtained in a conventional manner (H. P. Doyle, Siegfried, P. C. Elliott and J. F. Dellariar, J. Org. Chem. 42 (1977), 2431) by subjecting a compound of the formula XIII and a compound of the formula XIV to a Meerwein arylation reaction or a conventional modification thereof.

In this type of reaction, the amino compound is converted into a diazonium salt. The latter reacts with an olefin in the presence of a copper salt.

Advantageously, the phenyldiazonium salt is obtained in a conventional manner in aqueous acidic solution, for example in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or sulfuric acid, by reacting an amino compound of the formula XIII with a nitrite, eg. sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, etc. The unsaturated component XIV in a suitable solvent, such as H₂O, acetone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, etc., in the presence of a copper halide, eg. CuCl, CuBr, CuCl₂ or CuBr₂, is then added. The reactions can be carried out at from −30 to +50° C. The components of the diazotization reaction are usually used in a stoichiometric ratio, but an excess of one or other component may be advantageous.

As a rule, compounds of the formula XIV are used in a large excess, but it may also be advantageous to use them in a small excess, in a stoichiometric amount or in less than the stoichiometric amount.

The copper halide is generally used in a stoichiometric ratio, but an excess or less than the stoichiometric amount may be advantageous.

Alternatively, the phenyldiazonium salt may be obtained in a conventional manner in anhydrous systems, for example hydrochloric acid-containing glacial acid acetic, dioxane, absolute alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or acetone, with a nitrite, eg. tert-butyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite, etc. The diazotization may take place in the presence of the olefin component XIV and of the copper halide or prior to the addition of the two last-mentioned components.

Process B

Compounds of the formula IIb are obtained in a conventional manner by hydrogenation of compounds of the formula XV

Examples of suitable reducing agents are elemental metals, eg. iron, tin, zinc, etc., hydrogen in the presence of suitable catalysts, eg. Pd/C, Pt/C, Raney Ni, etc., complex metal hydrides, eg. LiAlH₄, NaBH₄, etc., in the presence or absence of catalysts.

The solvents usually used are acids, eg. acetic acid, propionic acid, etc., alcohols, eg. methanol, ethanol, etc., ethers, eg. diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc., aromatics, eg. benzene, toluene, etc., or corresponding mixtures, said solvents being matched with the reducing agents.

The reactions can be carried out at from −100° C. to the reflux temperature of the particular solvent or solvent mixture.

Usually, the starting materials are used in a stoichiometric ratio, but in specific cases an excess of one or other component may be advantageous.

Process C

Compounds of the formula IIb are obtained by processes known from the literature or similar to processes known from the literature, from compounds of the formula IIb⁺ by exchanging R²²⁺ for another halide, the starting materials being obtained by processes A, B and D.

A suitable radical R²²⁺ is chlorine or bromine and a suitable radical R²² is bromine or chlorine, nickel catalysts being used, in correspondingly matched aprotic solvents or solvent mixtures, such as acetone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide, diethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane or chlorohydrocarbons, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, etc.

The reactions are usually carried out at from −30° C. to the reflux temperature of the particular solvent or solvent mixture.

As a rule, the starting materials are used in a stoichiometric ratio, but an excess or less than the stoichiometric amount of one or other component may be advantageous.

Process D

Compounds of the formula IIb are obtained in a conventional manner by condensation of an anhydride of the formula XII and an aniline of the formula XVI

in an inert organic solvent. Alkanecarboxylic acids, eg. acetic acid, propionic acid or isobutyric acid, alkanecarboxylates, eg. ethyl acetate, aprotic solvents, eg. dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc., aromatics, eg. toluene, xylene, etc. are suitable for this purpose. When an aprotic solvent is used, continuous removal of the resulting water of reaction or acid catalysis, for example by means of p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, etc. is advisable.

The reactions are usually carried out at from 0° C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent or solvent mixture.

As a rule, the starting materials are used in a stoichiometric ratio. However, an excess or less than the stoichiometric amount of one or other component may be advantageous.

Process E

Compounds of the formula XVI are obtained in a conventional manner (Houben-Weyl, Vol. XI/1, page 341 et seq. (4th Edition)) by reducing the corresponding nitro compound XVII.

Examples of suitable reducing agents are elemental metals, eg. iron, tin, zinc, etc., hydrogen in the presence of suitable catalysts, eg. Pd/C, Pt/C, Raney Ni, etc., complex metal hydrides, eg. LiAlH₄, NaBH₄, etc., in the presence or absence of catalysts.

The solvents usually used are acids, eg. acetic acid, propionic acid, etc., alcohols, eg. methanol, ethanol, etc., ethers, eg. diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc., aromatics, eg. benzene, toluene, etc., or corresponding mixtures, said solvents being matched with the reducing agent.

The reactions can be carried out at from −100° C. to the reflux temperature of the particular solvent or solvent mixture.

The starting materials are usually used in a stoichiometric ratio, but in specific cases an excess of one or other component may be advantageous.

Process F

Compounds of the formula XVII are obtained in a conventional manner (M. P. Doyle, B. Siegfried, R. C. Elliot and J. F. Dellaria, J. Org. Chem. 42 (1977), 2431) by subjecting an aniline of the formula XVIII and a compound of the formula XIV to a Meerwein arylation reaction or modifications thereof.

In this type of reaction, the amino compound is converted into a diazonium salt. The latter reacts with an olefin in the presence of a copper salt.

Advantageously, the phenyldiazonium salt is obtained in a conventional manner in aqueous acid solution, for example in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or sulfuric acid, by reacting an amino compound of the formula XVIII with a nitrite, eg. sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, etc. The unsaturated component XIV in a suitable solvent, eg. H₂O, acetone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, etc., in the presence of a copper halide, eg. CuCl, CuBr, CuCl₂ or CuBr₂, is then added. The reactions can be carried out at from −30 to +50° C. The components of the diazotization reaction are usually used in a stoichiometric ratio, but an excess of one or other component may be advantageous.

As a rule, compounds of the formula XIV are used in a large excess, but it may also be advantageous to employ them in a small excess, in a stoichiometric amount or less than the stoichiometric amount.

The copper halide is used, as a rule, in the stoichiometric ratio, but an excess or less than the stoichiometric amount may be advantageous.

Alternatively, the phenyldiazonium salt can be obtained in a conventional manner in anhydrous systems, for example hydrogen chloride-containing glacial acetic acid, dioxane, absolute alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or acetone, with a nitrite, eg. tert-butyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite, etc. The diazotization may take place in the presence of the olefin component XIV and of the copper halide or before the addition of two last-mentioned components.

Among the 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroisophthalimides III, novel ones are those of the formula IIIa

where

R³ is hydrogen or C₁-C₆-alkyl,

R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen,

R⁵ is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano or trifluoromethyl,

R⁶ is a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclic group which may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, it being possible for one or two methylene groups of the heterocyclic group to be replaced by carbonyl and for the heterocyclic structure to carry one of the following groups on each substitutable carbon atom:

C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₂-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkenylthio, C₃-C₆-alkynylthio, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, amino, halogen, C₁-C₄-alkylamino, di-C₁-C₄-alkylamino, cyano, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl or C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy, or one of the following groups:

—A—CN or —A—CO—B, —OR⁹′, —C(R¹⁰)═O, —C(R¹⁰)═S, —C(R¹⁰)═N—R¹⁶, —CHR¹⁰—CHR¹¹—CO—B, —C(X¹R¹⁴)(X²R¹⁵)R¹⁰, —P(R¹²)(R¹³)═O, where A is a straight-chain C₂-C₄-alkenylene or C₂-C₄-alkynyl chain, both of which may be unsubstituted or may carry one or two radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl and C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl,

B is hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl, —OR¹⁷ or —SR¹⁷, where R¹⁷ is

hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,

C₁-C₆-cyanoalkylk, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl or C₁-C₆-alkoximino-C₁-C₆-alkyl,

phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, di-C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl or —NR¹⁸R¹⁹, where R¹⁸ and R¹⁹, independently of one another, are each hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, or where

R¹⁸ and R¹⁹, together with the common nitrogen atom, form a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated 4-membered to 7-membered ring which may also contain a further nitrogen atom or an oxygen or sulfur atom as a secondary member,

R^(9′)is C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyl or C₃-C₆-haloalkynyl, phenyl, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, where the heterocyclic structures may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated and may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms, and where the phenyl and heterocyclic radicals in turn may carry one of the following substituents on each substitutable carbon atom: C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl or C₁-C₆-alkoximino-C₁-C₆-alkyl,

R¹⁰ is hydrogen or cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitro, cyano, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,

R¹¹ is halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy or C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy,

R¹² and R¹³ are each C₁-C₆-alkoxy or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,

X¹ and X² are each oxygen or sulfur,

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl or

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ together form a two-membered to four-membered carbon chain which may be unsaturated and, if desired, may contain a carbonyl group as a ring member, it being possible for the carbon chain to be unsubstituted or to carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, carboxyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-thioalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, R¹⁶ is hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-alkynyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkyl,

phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, hydroxyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy, C₃-C₆-alkynyloxy, C₅-C₇-cycloalkoxy, C₅-C₇-cycloalkenyloxy, C₁-C₆-haloalkoxy, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₇-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₂-C₆-alkoxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylamino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, di(C₁-C₆-alkyl)amino-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, phenyl-C₃-C₆-alkenyloxy or phenyl-C₂-C₆-alkynyloxy, where in each case one or two methylene groups of the alkoxy, alkenyloxy and alkynyloxy chains may be replaced by oxygen, sulfur and/or a C₁-C₆-alkylamino chain,

and where the phenyl ring in each case may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy and C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, —NR¹⁸R¹⁹,

or R⁵ and R⁶′ together form a saturated or partially or completely unsaturated three-membered to five-membered carbon chain which, if desired, may contain one or two oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms and/or one carbonyl or C₁-C₆-alkoximino group as a ring member, it being possible for the chain to be unsubstituted or in turn to carry one or two radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, amino, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₂-C₆-alkynyl, C₁-C₆-cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, phenyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl and 3-membered to 8-membered heterocyclyl-C₁-C₆-alkyl, where the heterocyclic structure may be saturated or partially or completely unsaturated and may carry from one to four hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of from one to four nitrogen atoms, one or two oxygen atoms and one or two sulfur atoms,

with the exception of those compounds at which R⁵ and R⁶′ together form one of the following chains:

a substituted di- or trimethyleneoxy group bonded to the bonding site R⁶′ via the oxygen

a substituted di- or trimethylenecarbonyl group bonded to the bonding site R⁶′ via the carbonyl group or

a substituted di- or trimethyleneoximino group bonded to the bonding site R⁶′ via the oximino group.

Regarding the known 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroisophthalimides III, refer in particular to DE-A 27 33 115, EP-A 271 170, EP-A 275 131, EP-A 073 409, JO 59/070 682 and JO 59/204 181.

The 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroisophthalimides of the formula III are advantageously obtained by intramolecular condensation from compounds VIII:

The condensation is carried out in an inert solvent in the presence of a condensing agent.

Examples of suitable solvents are aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as hexane, halohydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene, ketones, such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ethers, such as diethyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran, esters, such as ethyl acetate, or nitriles, such as acetonitrile.

Suitable condensing agents are mainly carbodiimides derivatives, eg. dicyclohexylcarbodiimides or diethylcarbodiimide, or combinations of a base and an acylating agent or acyl chloride.

Examples of suitable bases for this purpose and aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, such as triethylamine, dimethylaniline and pyridine, or inorganic bases, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

Among the acyl chlorides, for example, thionyl chloride and phosphoryl chloride are suitable.

Examples of suitable acylating agents are acetic anhydride, methyl chloroformate, trifluoroacetic anhydride and acetyl chloride.

The amount of condensing agent is not critical. In order to achieve the maximum possible conversion, it is advisable to use from an equimolar amount to twice the amount, based on VIII, of condensing agent.

The reaction is carried out at from −20 to 100° C., preferably from 0 to 50° C.

The compounds VIII are obtained, for example, by reacting an aniline XI with a tetrahydrophthalic anhydride XII in an inert solvent (cf. U.S. Pat. No. 4,472,190 and the literature cited there) or a substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide II with a hydroxide or alcoholate R²⁰—O⁻ M⁺, where M⁺ is one equivalent of a metal ion, in particular of an alkali metal ion, such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and R²⁰ is hydrogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl or phenyl which may be unsubstituted or may carry from one to three radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₄-haloalkyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxy.

The reaction of an aniline derivative XI with a tetrahydrophthalic anhydride XII is carried out in an inert solvent or diluent, aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as hexane, halohydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane and chlorobenzene, ethers, such as diethyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran, alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol, or organic acids, such as acetic acid, being particularly suitable for this purpose.

The reaction of a substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide II with a hydroxide or alcoholate is likewise carried out in an inert solvent or diluent, for example aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as hexane, halohydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane or chlorobenzene, ethers, such as diethyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran, or alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol, being suitable for this purpose.

For both methods of preparation, the reactants are usually used in roughly equimolar amounts, unless an excess of up to about 10 mol % of one or other component is advisable.

The reaction temperature is usually from 0 to 100° C., preferably from 10 to 60° C.

The compounds X, XI and XII are known or can be prepared by methods known per se, as described, for example, in the abovementioned publications.

Among the tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIII, novel ones are those of the formula VIIIa

provided that R⁵ and R⁶″ do not together form one of the following chains:

a substituted di- or trimethyleneoxy group bonded to the bonding site R⁶″ via the oxygen,

a substituted di- or trimethylenecarbonyl group bonded to the bonding site R⁶″ via the carbonyl group or

a substituted di- or trimethyleneoximino group bonded to the bonding site R⁶″ via the oximino group.

R⁶″ differs from R⁶ only in the meaning OR⁹″ instead of —OR⁹, where R⁹″ (in contrast to R⁹) is not C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkenyl, C₃-C₆-haloalkynyl or C₁-C₆-alkoxycarbonyl-C₂-C₆-alkyl (cf. DE-A 27 33 115, EP-A 073 409, EP-A 271 170, EP-A 275 131, JO 59/070 682 and JO 59/204 181).

Both the substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib and the tetrahydrophthalimides IIa and IIb, the tetrahydroisophthalimides III and the tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIII may be obtained as isomer mixtures in the preparation. However, all isomer mixtures can, if desired, be separated into the pure isomers by the conventional methods, for example by crystallization or chromatography, if necessary over an optically active absorbate.

Mixtures of the optically active isomers which contain an excess of one isomer can also be prepared, for example, using optically active starting materials.

The novel substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib, tetrahydrophthalimides IIa and IIb, tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa are suitable, in the form of both isomer mixtures and the pure isomers, as herbicides and as defoliants/desiccants.

The substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib, tetrahydrophthalimides IIa and IIb, tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters IIIa are suitable, in the form of both isomer mixtures and the pure isomers, as herbicides, in particular for controlling dicotyledon weeds.

Particularly at low application rates, they are tolerated and therefore selective in crops such as wheat, rice, corn, soybean and cotton.

The substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib, tetrahydrophthalimides IIa and IIb, tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa are also suitable as desiccants and defoliants, in particular for the defoliation of cotton, and as defoliants for drying out the above-ground plant parts in crops, for example potato, sunflower, soybean and rape. This permits completely mechanized harvesting of these important crops.

Also of economic interest is the facilitation of harvesting permitted by concentrated dropping at a particular time or reduction of the adhesion to the tree in the case of citrus fruits, olives or other species and varieties of pomes, drupes and hard-shelled fruit. They also lead to uniform ripening of the harvested fruits.

The same mechanism, ie. the promotion of the formation of abscission tissue between the fruit or leaf part and the shoot part of the plant is also essential for readily controllable defoliation of crops, in particular cotton. Furthermore, shortening the interval in which the individual cotton plants ripen leads to a higher fiber quality after harvesting.

The compounds Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa and VIIIa and the herbicides or desiccants/defoliants containing them can be used, for example, in the form of directly sprayable aqueous solutions, powders, suspensions, including concentrated aqueous, oily or other suspensions or dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, broadcasting agents or granules, by spraying, nebulizing, dusting, broadcasting or pouring. The application forms depend on the intended uses; they should in any case ensure very fine distribution of the active ingredients.

The compounds Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa and VIIIa are suitable in general for the prepration of directly sprayable solutions, emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions. Suitable inert additives are mineral oil fractions having a medium to high boiling point, such as kerosene or diesel oil, as well as coal tar oils and oils of vegetable or animal origin, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, eg. toluene, xylene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes or derivatives thereof, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, isophorone or strongly polar solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone or water.

Aqueous application forms may be prepared from emulsion concentrates, dispersions, pastes, wettable powders or water-dispersible granules by adding water. For the preparation of emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions, the substrates as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent can be homogenized in water by means of wetting agents, adherents, dispersants or emulsifiers. However, it is also possible to prepare concentrates which consist of active ingredient, wetting agents, adherents, dispersants and emulsifiers and possibly solvents or oil and which are suitable for dilution with water.

Suitable surfactants are alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, for example lignin-, phenol-, naphthalene- and dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, and of fatty acids, alkylsulfonates and alkylarylsulfonates, alkylsulfates, lauryl ether sulfates and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols and of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ethers, ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl- or nonyl-phenol, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylenealkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetal, sorbitol esters, ligninsulfite waste liquors or methylcellulose.

Powders, broadcasting agents and dusts can be prepared by mixing or milling the active ingredients together with a solid carrier.

Granules, for example coated, impregnated and homogeneous granules, can be prepared by binding the active ingredients to solid carriers. Solid carriers are mineral earths, such as silicas, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, kieselguhr, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, milled plastics, fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate or ureas, and vegetable products, such as cereal flour, bark meal, wood meal and nutshell meal, cellulosic powders and other solid carriers.

The formulations contain in general from 0.01 to 95, preferably from 0.5 to 90, % by weight of active ingredient. The active ingredients are used in a purity of from 90 to 100%, preferably from 95 to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).

Examples of such formulations are:

I. a mixture of 20 parts by weight of compound No. Ia.12, 80 parts by weight of xylene, 10 parts by weight of the adduct of from 8 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-monoethanololeamide, 5 parts by weight of the calcium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 5 parts by weight of the adduct of 40 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of castor oil. By finely distributing the mixture in 100,000 parts by weight of water, an aqueous dispersion which contains 0.02% by weight of the active ingredient is obtained.

II. a dispersion of 20 parts by weight of compound No. Ia.09 in a mixture of 40 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, 30 parts by weight of isobutanol, 20 parts by weight of the adduct of 7 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of isooctylphenol and 10 parts by weight of the adduct of 40 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of castor oil. The mixture of this dispersion with 100,000 parts by weight of water contains 0.02% by weight of the active ingredient.

III. a dispersion of 20 parts by weight of compound No. Ib.010 in a mixture of 25 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, 65 parts by weight of a mineral oil fraction having a boiling point of from 210 to 280° C. and 10 parts by weight of the adduct of 40 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of castor oil. The mixture of this dispersion with 100,000 parts by weight of water contains 0.02% of the active ingredient.

IV. a mixture, milled in a hammer mill, with 20 parts by weight of compound No. IIb.02, 3 parts by weight of the sodium salt of diisobutylnaphthalene-α-sulfonic acid, 17 parts by weight of the sodium salt of a ligninsulfonic acid obtained from a sulfite waste liquor and 60 parts by weight of silica gel powder. By finely distributing the mixture in 20,000 parts by weight of water, a spray liquor which contains 0.1% by weight of the active ingredient is obtained.

V. a mixture of 3 parts by weight of compound No. IIb.04 and 97 parts by weight of a finely divided kaolin. This dust contains 3% by weight of active ingredient.

VI. a stable oily dispersion of 20 parts by weight of compound No. IIIa.010, 2 parts by weight of the calcium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 8 parts by weight of a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, 2 parts by weight of the sodium salt of a phenolsulfonic acid/urea/formaldehyde condensate and 68 parts by weight of a paraffinic mineral oil.

The herbicides or the active ingredients can be applied by the preemergence or postemergence method. If the active ingredients are less well tolerated by certain crops, it is possible to use application methods in which the herbicides are sprayed with the aid of the sprayers in such a way that the leaves of the sensitive crops are as far as possible not affected, while the active ingredients reach the leaves of undesirable plants growing underneath or the uncovered soil surface (post-directed, lay-by).

The application rates of active ingredient are from 0.001 to 3.0, preferably from 0.01 to 1, kg/ha of active ingredient (a.i.), depending on the aim of control, the season, the target plants and the stage of growth.

In view of the versatility of the application methods, compounds Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa and VIIIa and agents containing them may also be used in a further number of crops for eliminating undesirable plants. For example, the following crops are suitable:

Botanical name Common name Allium cepa onions Ananas comosus pineapples Arachis hypogaea peanuts (groundnuts) Asparagus officinalis asparagus Beta vulgaris spp, altissima sugarbeets Beta vulgaris spp. rapa fodder beets Brassica napus var. napus rapeseed Brassica napus var. napobrassica swedes Brassica apa var. silvestris beets Camellia sinensis tea plants Carthamus tinctorius safflower Carya illinoinensis pecan trees Citrus limon lemons Citrus sinensis orange trees Coffea arabica (Coffea canephora, coffee plants Coffea liberica) Cucumis sativus cucumbers Cynodon dactylon Bermudagrass in turf and lawns Daucus carota carrots Elaeis guineensis oil palms Fragaria vesca strawberries Glycine max soybeans Gossypium hirsutum cotton (Gossypium arboreum Gossypium herbaceum Gossypium vitifolium) Helianthus annuus sunflowers Hevea brasiliensis rubber plants Hordeum vulgare barley Humulus lupulus hops Ipomoea batatas sweet potatoes Juglans regia walnut trees Lens culinaris lentils Linum usitatissimum flax Lycopersicon lycopersicum tomatoes Malus spp. apple trees Manihot esculenta cassava Medicago sativa alfalfa (lucerne) Musa spp. banana plants Nicotiana tabacum tobacco (N. rustica) Olea europaea olive trees Oryza sativa rice Phaseolus lunatus limabeans Phaseolus vulgaris snapbeans, green beans, dry beans Picea abies Norway spruce Pinus spp. pine trees Pisum sativum English peas Prunus avium cherry trees Prunus persica peach trees Pyrus communis pear trees Ribes sylvestre redcurrants Ricinus communis castor-oil plants Saccharum officinarum sugar cane Secale cereale rye Solanum tuberosum Irish potatoes Sorghum bicolor (s. vulgare) sorghum Theobroma cacao cacao plants Trifolium pratense red clover Triticum aestivum wheat Triticum durum durum wheat Vicia faba tick beans Vitis vinifera grapes Zea mays Indian corn, sweet corn, maize

To broaden the action spectrum and to achieve synergistic effects, compounds Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa and VIIIa may be mixed with a large number of typical members of other groups of herbicidal or growth-regulating active ingredients and applied together with them. For example, suitable components of the mixture are diazines, 4H-3,1-benzoxazine derivatives, benzothiadiazinones, 2,6-di-nitroaniline, N-phenylcarbamates, thiocarbamates, halocarboxylic acids, triazines, amides, ureas, diphenyl ethers, triazinones, uracils, benzofuran derivatives, cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives which may carry, for example, a carboxyl or carbimino group in the 2-position, quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives, imidazolinones, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, aryloxy- and hetaryloxyphenoxypropionic acids and the salts, esters and amides thereof and others.

It may also be useful to apply the compounds Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa or VIIIa, alone or in combination with other herbicides, also mixed together with further crop protection agents, for example with pesticides or agents for controlling pests or phytopathogenic fungi or bacteria. The miscibility with mineral salt solutions which are used for eliminating nutrient and trace element deficiencies is also of interest. However, nonphytotoxic oils and oil concentrates may also be added.

PREPARATION EXAMPLES EXAMPLE 1

N-n-Propyl-N′-[4-chloro-3-(2-n-propylcarbamoylprop-1-en-1-yl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalamide (compound Ia.01)

A solution of 10.9 g of N-[4-chloro-3-(2-chlorocarbonylprop-1-en-1-yl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in 200 ml of ethyl acetate was added dropwise to a solution of 5.9 g of n-propylamine in about 150 ml of ethyl acetate while cooling with ice. The mixture was stirred for 3 hours at about 20° C., after which the solid formed was separated off, washed twice with 5% by weight aqueous hydrochloric acid and then once with petroleum ether and then dried under reduced pressure at 40° C. The crude product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate.

Mp.: 130-131° C.

EXAMPLE 2

N,N-Dimethyl-N′-[4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalamide (compound Ia.09)

1.39 ml of a 40% strength by weight aqueous dimethylamine solution were added to a solution of 3.9 g of N-[4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in 100 ml of acetonitrile at about 20° C. The mixture obtained was stirred for a further 20 hours at 20-25° C., after which the solid formed was separated off, washed with petroleum ether and finally dried. Mp.: 161-164° C.

EXAMPLE 3

N-[4-Chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalamide (compound (Ia.12)

Ammonia gas was passed into a solution of 5.9 g of N-[4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in 150 ml of acetonitrile until saturation was reached. The reaction mixture obtained was then stirred for a further 19 hours at 20-25° C., after which the solid formed was separated off and then washed with petroleum ether.

Mp.: 185-186° C.

EXAMPLE 4

N-[4-Chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroisophthalimide (compound IIIa.02)

1.85 g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide were added to a suspension of 3.3 g of N-[4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethxoycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-terahydrophthalic acid monoamide in 40 ml of toluene at about 20° C. The reaction mixture obtained was then stirred for 3 hours at 20-25° C. After the solid had been separated off, the clear solution obtained was evaporated down. The crude product was purified chromatographically over silica gel (mobile phase: 8:2 toluene/ethyl acetate). Yield: 0.9 g. 200 MHz-¹H-NMR (in CDCl₃; TMS as internal standard): d=1.4 ppm (t, 3H), 1.76-1.88 ppm (m, 4H), 2.35-2.62 ppm (m, 4H), 4.38 ppm (q, 2H), 7.14-7.56 ppm (m, 2H), 7.88 ppm (d, 1H), 8.12 ppm (s, 1H).

EXAMPLE 5

N-[3-(2-Bromo-2-methoxycarbonylethenyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-2-cyanocyclohexenecarboxamide (compound Ib.02)

2.6 g of pyridine and then, at from 0 to 5° C., 4.6 g of trifluoroacetic anhydride in 10 ml of dichloromethane were added dropwise to a solution of 5 g of N-(3-(2-bromo-2-methoxycarbonylethenyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxamide in 80 ml of dichloromethane. Stirring was carried out for 1 hour at 5° C. and 2 hours at 25° C., after which 100 ml of water were added and stirring was carried out for a further 30 minutes. The organic phase was then separated off and dried. After removal of the solvent, the crude product was dissolved in 50 ml of diethyl ether. The product which had crystallized out was separated off from the cooled solution, the melting point of said product being 123-125° C.

EXAMPLE 6

N-[4-Chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid monoamide (compound VIIIa.03)

10.8 g of N-[4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylethenyl)-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide were added to a solution of 1.2 g of sodium hydroxide in 200 ml of ethanol at about 20° C. The reaction mixture obtained was then stirred for 17 hours at 20-25° C., after which the solvent was removed. The residue was dissolved in 100 ml of water. After acidification of the resulting aqueous phase with 10 mol % aqueous hydrochloric acid to a pH of 3, the solid formed was separated off. The crude product obtained was washed with water and petroleum ether and finally dried. Mp.: 131-132° C.

EXAMPLE 7

N-[4-Chloro-5-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-2-fluorophenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (compound IIb.03)

3.5 g of N-(5-amino-4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in 5 ml of absolute acetonitrile were added dropwise to a suspension of 1.9 g of tert-butyl nitrite, 260 g of ethyl acrylate and 1.9 g of anhydrous copper(II) chloride in 200 ml of absolute acetonitrile at 0° C. The mixture was slowly warmed up to room temperature and was stirred at this temperature for 10 hours. 40 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid were then added, and the mixture was extracted three times with methyl tert-butyl ether. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated down. The residue was chromatographed over silica gel (eluent: 2:1 petroleum ether/diethyl ether). Yield: 1.3 g (26%); ¹H-NMR (d⁶-DMSO/TMS): δ=1.18 ppm (t, 3H); 1.74 (bs, 4H); 2.38 (bs, 4H); 3.30 (dd, 1H); 3.47 (dd, 1H); 4.17 (q, 2H); 4.82 (dd, 1H); 7.51 (d, 1H); 7.84 (d, 1H).

EXAMPLE 8

N-[3-(2-Bromo-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-4-chlorophenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (compound IIb.08)

11.6 g of N-(3-amino-4-chlorophenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in 20 ml of absolute acetonitrile were added dropwise to a suspension of 6.2 g of tert-butyl nitrite, 400 ml of ethyl acrylate and 11.2 g of anhydrous copper(II) bromide in 200 ml of absolute acetonitrile at 0° C. The mixture was then slowly warmed up to room temperature and was stirred at this temperature for 10 hours. 300 ml of 20% strength hydrochloric acid were then added and the mixture was extracted three times with diethyl ether. The combined organic phases were dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated down. The residue was chromatographed over silica gel (eluent: 2:1 petroleum ether/diethyl ether). Yield: 5.0 g (27%); ¹H-NMR (d⁶-DMSO/TMS): δ=1.17 (t, 3H); 1.75 (bs, 4); 2.35 (bs, 4H); 3.38 (dd, 1H); 3.55 (dd, 1H); 4.18 (q, 2H); 4.75 (t, 1H); 7.30 (dd, 1H); 7.38 (d, 1H); 7.60 (d, 1H).

EXAMPLE 9

N-[4-Chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-phenyl]-4-methyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (compound IIb.09)

1st stage (2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-nitrobenzene):

7.2 g of 2-chloro-5-nitroaniline were added a little at a time to a suspension of 6.5 g of tert-butyl nitrite, 6.0 g of ethyl acrylate and 6.7 g of anhydrous copper(II) chloride in 150 ml of absolute acetonitrile at 20-25° C. Stirring was carried out for 10 hours at 20-25° C, after which 100 ml of 10% strength by weight hydrochloric acid were added dropwise. The reaction mixture obtained was finally extracted three time with methyl tert-butyl ether, dried over sodium sulfate and then evaporated down. The residue was purified by chromatography (over silica gel). Yield: 3.8 g (31%); ¹H-NMR (in d⁶-DMSO/TMS): δ [ppm]=1.28 (t, 3H), 3.36 (dd, 1H), 3.58 (dd; 1H), 4.24 (q, 2H), 4.56 (dd; 1H), 7.54 (d; 1H), 8.10 (dd; 1H), 8.18 (dd; 1H).

2nd stage (3-(2-chloro-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-4-chloroaniline):

2.92 g of (2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-2-chloro-5-nitrobenzene were added a little at a time to a suspension of 1.8 g of iron powder in 17.5 ml of ethanol and 9 ml of glacia acetic acid at 65° C. The mixture was refluxed for 3 hours and then cooled to 20-25° C., and ethyl acetate was added to the reaction mixture. The solid was then separated off. The precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated down. The residue was again taken up in ethyl acetate and the solution was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated down. Yield: 2.0 g (76%); ¹H-NMR (in d⁶-DMSO/TMS): δ [ppm]=1.12 (t, 3H), 3.05 (dd, 1H), 3.22 (dd, 1H), 4.12 (dd, 1H), 4.62 (t, 2H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 6.48 (m, 2H), 7.01 (d, 1H).

3rd stage (N-(4-chloro-3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-phenyl]-4-methyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide):

2.60 g of 3-(2-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyleth-1-yl)-4-chloroaniline and 1.65 g of 4-methyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride were refluxed for 6 hours. After the mixture had been cooled and evaporated down, the residue was taken up in ethyl acetate and the solution was washed three times with water. The organic phase was dried over Na₂SO, and then evaporated down. Yield 3.0 g (75%); ¹H-NMR (in d⁶-DMSO/TMS): δ [ppm]=0.96 (d; 3H), 1.05 (t; 3H), 1.64-2.08 (m; 3H), 2.15-2.70 (m; 4H), 3.20-3.55 (m; 2H), 4.14 (q; 2H), 4.78 (dd; 1H), 7.26 (d; 1H), 7.34 (s; 1H), 7.55 (d; 1H).

Tables 23 and 24 below list particularly preferred substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ia and Ib, which were prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 and 4. The tetrahydrophthalimides IIa, tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa were obtained similarly to Examples 4 and 6.

Table 28 lists particularly preferred substituted tetrahydrophthalimides IIb, which were prepared similarly to Examples 7 and 8.

TABLE 23 Ia

No. R¹ R² R⁴ R⁵ R⁶ Mp. [° C.] Ia.01 n-C₃H₇ H H Cl CH═C(CH₃)—CO-n-C₃H₇ 130-131 Ia.02 i-C₄H₉ H H Cl CH═Cl(CH₃)—CO-i-C₄H₉ 152-153 Ia.03 n-C₄H₉ H H Cl CH═C(CH₃)—CO-n-C₄H₉ 137-138 Ia.04 n-C₅H₁₁ H H Cl CH═Cl(CH₃)—CO-n-C₅—H₁₁ 138-139 Ia.05 i-C₃H₇ H H Cl CH═CH—COOCH₃ 208-211 Ia.06 CH₂C≡CH H H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 175-177 Ia.07 n-C₄H₉ H H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 150-153 Ia.08 Cyclopropyl H H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 150-152 Ia.09 CH₃ CH₃ H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 161-461 Ia.10 —(CH₂)₄— H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 149-150 Ia.11 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 158-160 Ia.12 H H H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 185-186 Ia.13 CH₂C≡CH H H Cl CH═C(C₂H₅)—COOC₂H₅ 153-154 Ia.14 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl CH═C(C₂H₅)—COOC₂H₅ 90-92 Ia.15 CH₃ H H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 183-184 Ia.16 CH₂C≡CH H H Cl CH═CBr—COOCH₃ 157-158 Ia.17 CH₃ CH₃ H Cl CH═CBr—COOCH₃ 158-159 Ia.18 CH₂C≡CH H H Cl CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ 172-173 Ia.19 CH₃ CH₃ H Cl CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ 157-158 Ia.20 —(CH₂)—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ 171-172 Ia.21 CH₃ CH₃ H Cl 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl 184-186 Ia.22 —(CH₂)—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl 1,3-dithiolan-3-yl 194-196 Ia.23 (CH₂)₂—OCH₃ H H Cl 4-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl 123-125 Ia.24 CH₃ CH₃ H Cl 4-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl 157-158 Ia.25 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl 1-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl 180-181 Ia.26 —(CH₂)₂—O—CH(CH₃)—CH₂— H Cl 4-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl 113-145 Ia.27 N-morpholino H H Cl 4-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl 180-191 Ia.28 i-C₃H₇ H H Cl O—CH₂-tetrahydro- 187-188 2H-pyran-3-yl Ia.29 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl O—CH₂-tetrahydro- 156-158 2H-pyran-3-yl Ia.30 CH₃ CH₃ H O—CH₂—CO—N(CH₂C≡CH)— 175-177 Ia.31 i-C₃H₇ H H S—CH₂—CO—N(CH₃)— 195-196 Ia.32 i-C₃H₇ H H Cl O—CH₂-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl 155-156 Ia.33 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl O—CH₂-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl 110-112 Ia.34 CH₃ H H Cl 4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl 152-153 Ia.35 —CH₂—C(CH₃)—O—C(CH₃)—CH— H Cl 4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl 169-171 Ia.36 H H H Cl CH—CBr—COOCH₃ 217-219 Ia.37 —(CH₂)₂—O—(CH₂)₂— H Cl OCH₂CN 155 Ia.38 CH₂C≡CH H H Cl OCH₂CN 151 Ia.39 H H H Cl CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ 178-179 Ia.40 H H H Cl 4-methyl-1,4-dithiolan-2-yl Ö1

TABLE 24 Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives Ib where R³ = H Ib

Mp. No. R⁴ R⁵ R⁶ [° C.] Ib.001 H Cl CH═CH—CN Ib.010 H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ (E:Z = 36:64) 139-140 Ib.011 H Cl CH═CBr—COOCH₃ 123-125 Ib.024 H Cl CH═C(CH₃)—COOCH₃ Ib.025 H Cl CH═N—OC₂H₅ 93-95 Ib.026 H Cl CH═CCl—COCH₃ Ib.027 H Cl CH═CH—COCHCl₂ Ib.028 H Cl CH═CH—CON(CH₃)₂ Ib.029 H Cl CH(OCH₃)₂ Ib.030 H Cl CH(OC₂H₅)₂ Ib.031 H Cl 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl Ib.032 H Cl 1,3-Dithian-2-yl Ib.007 H Cl CH═CH—COOC₂H₅ (E:Z = 58:42) 123-125 Ib.033 H Cl CH═N—OCH₃ Ib.034 H Cl CH═N—OCH₂CH═CHCl Ib.035 H Cl

Ib.036 H Cl CH═N—OH Ib.037 H Cl CH═N—OCH(CH₃)COOC₂H₅ Ib.038 H Cl CH═C(CN)COOC₂H₅ Ib.039 H Cl OCH₂CN Ib.040 H Cl OCH—C₆H₅ Ib.041 H Cl OCH₂-2,3-dihydro-6H-thiopyran-5-yl Ib.042 H Cl OCH₂-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl Ib.043 H Cl OCH(CH₃)—COOCH₃ Ib.044 H Cl OCH₂—COOC₂H₅ Ib.045 H Cl CHO

TABLE 25 Tetrahydrophthalimides IIa where R³ = R⁴ = H IIa

No. R⁶′″ Mp. [° C.] IIa.01 Thiazalidin-2-yl 132-133 IIa.02 4-Methoxycarbonyl-thiazalidin-2-yl Oil IIa.03 4-Ethoxycarbonyl-thiazolidin-2-yl Oil IIa.04 3-Acetyl-4-ethoxycarbonyl-thiazalidin-2-yl 77-78 IIa.05 Oxazal-5-yl 80-85 IIa.06 2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl 165-167 IIa.07 3,5-Dinitro-1,4-dihydro-pyridin-4-yl 265-266 IIa.08 4-Methyl-thiazol-2-yl 91-93

TABLE 26 Tetrahydroisophthalimides IIIa where R³ = H IIIa

No. R⁴ R⁵ R⁶′ Mp. [° C.] IIIa.024 H Cl CH═C(CH₃)—COOCH₃ 72-74 IIIa.010 H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ Oil

TABLE 27 Tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa where R³ = H VIIIa

No. R⁴ R⁵ R⁶ Mp. [° C.] VIIIa.010 H Cl CH═CCl—COOC₂H₅ 131-132 VIIIa.026 H Cl 1,3-dithiolan-2-yl 155-156 VIIIa.016 H Cl CH═C(CH₃)—COOH 172-173 VIIIa.035 H Cl CH═CCl—COOH 150-153

TABLE 28 Substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides IIb

Mp. [° C.] No. R³* R⁴* R⁵* R²² R²³ ¹H-NMR δ [ppm] IIb.01 H F Cl Cl CH₃ 1.74 (bs, 4H), 2.37 (bs, 4H), 3.32 (dd, 1H), 3.48 (dd, 1H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 4.83 (dd, 1H), 7.51 (d, 1H), 7.72 (d, 1H) IIb.02 H H Cl Cl CH₃ 80-81 IIb.03 H F Cl Cl C₂H₅ 1.18 (t, 3H), 1.74 (bs, 4H), 2.38 (bs, 4H), 3.30 (dd, 1H), 3.47 (dd, 1H), 4.17 (q, 2H), 4.82 (dd, 1H), 7.51 (d, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H) IIb.04 H H Cl Cl C₂H₅ 1.18 (t, 3H), 1.74 (bs, 4H), 23.5 (bs, 4H), 3.30 (dd, 1H), 3.50 (dd, 1H), 4.20 (q, 2H), 4.82 (dd, 1H), 7.28 (dd, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.58 (d, 1H), IIb.05 H F Cl Br CH₃ 1.73 (bs, 4H), 2.35 (bs, 4H), 3.27 (m, 1H), 3.49 (m, 1H) 3.70 (s, 3H), 4.75 (t, 1H), 7.50 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H) IIb.06 H F Cl Br C₂H₅ 1.18 (t, 3H), 1.75 (bs, 4H), 2.34 (bs, 4H) 3.38 (m, 1H), 3.53 (m, 1H) 4.16 (q, 2H), 4.75 (t, 1H) 7.50 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H) IIb.07 H H Cl Br CH₃ 80-82 IIb.08 H H Cl Br C₂H₅ 1.17 (t, 3H), 1.75 (bs, 4H), 2.35 (bs, 4H), 3.38 (dd, 1H), 3.55 (dd, 1H), 4.18 (q, 2H), 4.75 (t, 1H), 7.30 (dd, 1H), 7.38 (d, 1H), 7.60 (d, 1H) IIb.09 CH₃ H Cl Cl C₂H₅ 0.96 (d, 3H), 1.05 (t, 3H), 1.64-2.08 (m, 3H), 2.15- 2.70 (m, 4H), 3.20-3.55 (m, 2H), 4.14 (q, 2H), 4.78 (dd, 1H), 7.26 (d, 1H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 7.55 (d, 1H)

Use Examples (herbicidal activity)

The herbicidal action of the substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives I, tetrahydrophthalimides IIa and IIb, tetrahydroiosphthalimides IIIa and tetrahydrophthalamic esters VIIIa were demonstrated by means of greenhouse experiments:

The culture vessels used were plastic flower pots containing loamy sand with about 3.0% by weight of humus as a substrate. The seeds of the test plants were sown separately according to species.

In the preemergence treatment, the active ingredients suspended or emulsified in water were applied directly after sowing, by means of finely distributing nozzles. The vessels were lightly sprinkler-irrigated in order to promote germination and growth and were then covered with transparent plastic covers until the plants had begun to grow. This covering ensured more uniform germination of the test plants unless germination was adversely affected by the active ingredients.

For the postemergence treatment, the test plants were grown to a height of growth of from 3 to 15 cm, depending on the form of growth, before being treated with the active ingredients suspended or emulsified in water. The test plants were either sown and grown in the test vessels in which they were treated, or they were grown separately as seedlings and transplanted into the test vessels a few days before the treatment with the active ingredient formulations.

The application rate for the postemergence treatment was 0.5 kg/ha of a.i. (active ingredient).

The plants were kept at from 10 to 25° C. or from 20 to 35° C., depending on the species. The test period covered from 2 to 4 weeks. During this time, the plants were tended and their reaction to the individual treatments was evaluated.

The evaluation was based on a scale from 0 to 100. 100 means no emergence of the plants or complete destruction of at least the above-ground parts, and 0 means no damage or normal course of growth.

The plants used in the greenhouse experiments consisted of the following species:

Botanical name Common name Amaranthus retroflexus redroot pigweed Centaurea cyanus cornflower Galium aparine catchweed bedstraw Ipomoea subspecies morningglory

The result showed that undesirable weeds can be very readily controlled with compounds No. Ia.12, Ia.09, Ia.06, Ia.08, Ia.07, Ia.10, Ia.11, Ib.010, IIb.02 to IIb.04 and IIIa.010. 

We claim:
 1. A substituted 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula IIb


2. A herbicide containing at least one 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula IIb or its environmentally compatible salt, as claimed in claim 1, and conventional inert additives.
 3. A method for controlling undesirable plant growth, wherein a 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula IIb, or its environmentally compatible salt, as claimed in claim 1, and conventional inert additives are allowed to act on the plants or their habitat. 